Journal of Life Science (생명과학회지)

Korean Society of Life Science (한국생명과학회)
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Mechanism for Gating of Gap Junction Channel.

간극결합채널의 개폐기전

  • 오승훈 (단국대학교 의과대학 생리학교실)
  • Published : 2004.10.01
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Abstract

Gap junction is a membrane structure facilitating the direct transmission of several ions and small molecules between two cells. It is also called an 'intercellular channel' to distinguish it from other well-known cellular channels (e.g. sodium and potassium channels). Gap junction channels are not passive conduits, rather the ion channels modulated by several stimuli including pH, calcium ion, voltage, and a chemical modification (mainly known as phosphorylation). Among them, the effects of voltage on the gating of gap junction channels have been well studied. Gap junction channels are more sensitive to the transjunctional potential ($V_j$) between two cells rather than the membrane potential($V_m$) between inside and outside the cell. In this review, I will summarize the general properties of gap junction channel and discuss the gating mechanism for the gap channels.

간극결합(gap junction)은 이웃하는 두 세포사이에 형성된 막 구조물로 이를 통하여 각종 이온들과 여러 가지 분자들이 통과한다. 일반적으로 알려진 세포의 이온채널(예를 들어 $Na^{+}$ 이온채널과$K^+$이온채널)과 구별하여 두 세포사이에 형성된 간극결합을 세포간 채널(intercellular channel)이라고도 부른다. 간극결합채널(gap junction channel)은 단순히 수동적으로 열려있는 통로가 아니라 여러 가지 자극 즉 pH, 칼슘이온(calcium ion), 전압(voltage), 그리고 화학적인 변형(주로 인산화, phosphorylation)에 의해서 개폐(gating, opening and closing)가 조절되는 이온채널이다. 그 가운데서도 전압에 의한 간극결합채널 개폐 변화가 가장 많이 연구되었다. 세포안과 바깥에 형성된 전압차이(membrane potential, $V_m$) 보다는 주로 두 세포 사이에 형성된 전압차이(transjunctional voltage, $V_j$)에 의해서 간극결합채널은 민감하게 반응한다. 본 총설에서는 간극결합채널의 일반적인 특성을 정리해보고 전압-의존적인(voltage-dependent) 채널개폐에 관한 기전을 논의하고자 한다.

Keywords

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