Economic and Environmental Geology (자원환경지질)

The Korean Society of Economic and Environmental Geology (대한자원환경지질학회)
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Heavy Metals in Sediments and Organisms from Tidal Flats along the Mokpo Coastal Area

목포연안 갯벌 및 서식생물에서의 중금속 함량

  • 나춘기 (목포대학교 환경공학과)
  • Published : 2004.06.01
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Abstract

Total and extractable contents of heavy metals were measured in sediment and seafood from Bukhang and Boggil-ri tidal flats along the Mokpo coastal area, south-western part of Korean peninsular in order to assess the degree of metal pollution, metal bioavailability and metal hioaccumulation. The metal concentrations, except Pb were found to be greater than the background concentrations of sediments indicating the progress of cumulative contamination by anthropogenic origin of metals. The order of extractable metal concentrations in sediments were Mn(32-53 mg/kg)＞Zn(14-42 mg/tg)＞Cu(2.5-17.0 mg/kg)＞Pb(2.4-6.8 mg/kg)＞Cd(0.5-0.7 mg/kg). However, the amount of metals associated with extractable fraction of sediments were significantly high in Bukhang relative to Boggil-ri. Significant bioaccumulation of all metals, except Pb were observed in seaweed and benthos. The order of bioaccumulation of metals were: in concentration; all biota commonly, Mn(129-374 mg/kg)＞Zn(19-106 mg/kg)＞Cu(6-87 mg/kg)＞Cd(4.6-7.6 mg/kg)＞Pb(0.2-3.7 mg/kg), in BCF; Enteromorpha, Cd＞Mn＞Cu＞Zn＞Pb, Ilyoplax deschampsi, Cu＞Cd＞Mn＞Zn＞Pb, Urechis unicinctus, Cd＞Zn＞Mn＞Cu＞Pb. Some metal concentrations of Enteromorpha, especially Cu, Zn, weakly Pb in bukhang, Mn, Cd in boggili-ri, were correlate well with concentrations in sediment, indicating relatively more contaminated by the anthropogenic origin of metals in each tidal flat. The results clearly indicate that the seafood of bukhang, even of Boggili-ri known as clean area, are contaminated with metals.

목포연안 갯벌의 중금속 오염 및 생물농축정도를 평가하기 위하여 북항 및 복길리 갯벌의 퇴적물 및 서식생물 중의 중금속 함량을 측정하였다. 갯벌 퇴적물중의 중금속 함량은 Pb를 제외하고는 모두 배경값에 비해 매우 높게 나타나 조사지역 갯벌이 인위적인 금속 오염원에 의한 누적오염이 진행되었음을 시사하였다. 퇴적물에서 가용성 금속함량은 갯벌에 관계 없이 공통적으로 Mn(32-53 mg/kg)＞Zn(14-42 mg/kg)＞Cu(2.5-17.0 mg/kg)＞Pb(2.4-6.8 mg/kg)＞Cd(0.5-0.7mg/kg)순으로 높았다. 그러나 가용성염으로 존재하는 중금속 함량은 복길리 갯벌에 비해 북항 갯벌쪽이 높았다. 갯벌내에서 서식하는 해조류 및 저서생물에서 Pb를 제외한 모든 중금속들이 높은 비율로 축적되어있음을 보였다. 중금속의 생물축적 정도는, 농도면에서는 모든 생물이 공통적으로 Mn(129-374 mg/kg)＞Zn(19-106 mg/kg)＞Cu(6-87 mg/kg)＞Cd(4.6-7.6 mg/kg)＞Pb(0.2-3.7 mg/kg) 순이었으나, 생물축적률면에서는 파래가 Cd＞Mn＞Cu＞Zn＞Pb, 개불이 Cu＞Cd＞Mn＞Zn＞Pb, 털콩게가 Cd＞Zn＞Mn＞Cu＞Pb 순을 나타냈다. 파래중의 일부 중금속들 특히 북항의 Cu, Zn 그리고 미약하게 Pb, 복길리의 Mn, Cd은 퇴적물중의 중금속 함량과 비례적인 관계를 보여, 각 갯벌에서 이들 중금속들이 인위적 오염원에 의해 상대적으로 더 오염되어있음을 시사하였다. 이상의 결과들은 북항은 물론 청정지역으로 알려진 복길리 갯벌의 해산물이 중금속에 의해 오염되어 있음을 나타내었다.

Keywords

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