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The Study of the Fitness on Calculation of the Flood Warning Trigger Rainfall Using GIS and GCUH

GIS와 GCUH를 이용한 돌발홍수 기준우량 산정의 타당성 검토 연구

  • 신현석 (부산대학교 공과대학 토목공학과) ;
  • 김홍태 (부산대학교 공과대학 토목공학) ;
  • 박무종 (한서대학교 공과대학 토목공학과)
  • Published : 2004.05.01

Abstract

Using geomorphoclimatic unit hydrograph(GCUH), we estimated the fitness to calculate the mountainous area discharge and flash flood trigger rainfall(FFTR). First, we compared the GCUH peak discharge with the existing report using the design storm at the Dukcheon basin. Second, we compared the HEC-HMS(Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System) model and GCUH with the observed discharge using the real rainfall events at the Taesu stage gage. Third, GCUH and NRCS(Natural Resources Conservation Service) were used for calculating FFTR and proper calculation method was shown. At the Dukcheon basin, the comparison result of using design storm was shown in Table 11, and it was not in excess of 1.1, except for the 30 year return period. In case of real rainfall events, the result was shown in Table 12, and GCUH discharges were all larger than the HEC-HMS model discharges, and they were very similar to the observed data at the Taesu stage gage. In this study, we found that GCUH was a very proper method in the calculation of mountainous discharge. At the Dukcheon basin, FFTR was 12.96 mm in the first 10 minutes when the threshold discharge was 95.59 $m^3$/sec.

본 연구는 지형 기후학적 단위유량도(Geomorphoclimatic Unit Hydrograph, GCUH)가 산악지역의 유출량과 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정하는데 적절한지를 검토한 것으로, 우선 산악지역의 유출량을 산정하는데 적절한 방범인지를 덕천강 유역에 대해 확률강우량으로 지형기후학적 단위유량도의 첨두유량과 기존 보고서의 착률 홍수량 자료를 비교하는 방법과 실측 호우사상을 HEC-HMS(Hydrologic Engineering Center-Hydrologic Modeling System) 모형과 지형기후학적 단위유량도에서 산정된 첨두 유량을 태수지점의 실측자료와 비교함으로써 지형기후학적 단위유량도의 타당성을 검증하려했고 지형기후학적 단위유량도와 NRCS(Natural Resources Conservation Service) 방법을 이용하여 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정함으로써 산악지역의 돌발홍수 기준우량 산정 방법을 제시했다. 덕천강 유역에 대해 확률강우량으로 첨두 유량을 비교한 경우 표 11과 같이 대체로 30년 빈도를 제외하곤 비율이 1.1을 초과하지 않았고, 실측 호우사상으로 첨두유량을 비교한 경우 표 12와 같이 지형기후학적 단위유량도 결과가 HEC-HMS 모형보다 모두 크게 나타났고 태수 수위표의 실측치와 대체로 유사하게 나타났다. 따라서, 본 연구에서 지형기후학적 단위유량도를 이용한 산악지역의 유출량 산정이 타당함을 확인했고 이를 이용해 덕천강 유역의 돌발홍수 기준우량을 산정한 결과 한계유출량이 95.59 $m^3$/sec일때, 최초 10분 동안에 12.96 mm가 발생하면 위험한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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