Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences

Asian Australasian Association of Animal Production Societies (아세아태평양축산학회)
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Genetic Characterization of Indigenous Goats of Sub-saharan Africa Using Microsatellite DNA Markers

  • Chenyambuga, S.W. (Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture) ;
  • Hanotte, O. (International Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Hirbo, J. (International Livestock Research Institute) ;
  • Watts, P.C. (School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool) ;
  • Kemp, S.J. (School of Biological Sciences, University of Liverpool) ;
  • Kifaro, G.C. (Department of Animal Science and Production, Sokoine University of Agriculture) ;
  • Gwakisa, P.S. (Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Sokoine University of Agriculture) ;
  • Petersen, P.H. (Department of Animal Science and Health, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University) ;
  • Rege, J.E.O. (International Livestock Research Institute)
  • Received : 2003.06.11
  • Accepted : 2003.12.05
  • Published : 2004.04.01
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Abstract

Genetic diversity of sub-Saharan African goats was assessed using 19 microsatellite markers. Breeds were sampled from eastern Africa (Maasai, Kigezi, Mubende, North West Highland, Arsi-Bale), southern Africa (Ndebele, Pafuri) and West Africa (West African Dwarf, Maure, Djallonke). European breeds (Grisons Striped, Toggenburg), Asian breeds (Mongolian Cashmere, Bandipur) and a Middle East breed (Arab) were also included. The mean number of alleles per locus and average gene diversity ranged from 5.26$\pm$0.464 (Djallonke) to 7.05$\pm$0.516 (Mubende) and from 0.542$\pm$0.036 (Pafuri) to 0.672$\pm$0.031 (Ndebele), respectively. The between breeds variation evaluated using $$G_{ST}$$ and $\theta$ were found to account for 14.6% ($\theta$) and 15.7% ($$G_{ST}$$) of the total genetic variation. The $D_{A}$ measure of genetic distance between pairs of breeds indicated that the largest genetic distance was between Pafuri and Djallonke while the lowest genetic distance was between Arsi-Bale and North West Highland. A neighbour-joining tree of breed relationships revealed that the breeds were grouped according to their geographic origins. Principal component analysis supported the grouping of the breeds according to their geographic origins. It was concluded that the relationships of sub-Saharan African goat breeds were according to their geographical locations implying that the goats of eastern Africa, West Africa and southern Africa are genetically distinct. Within each sub-region, goat populations could be differentiated according to morphological characteristics.

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References

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