Radiation Oncology Journal

The Korean Society for Radiation Oncology (대한방사선종양학회)
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Postmastectomy Radiotherapy and Chemotherapy in Patients with Breast Cancer

유방절제술을 시행한 유방암 환자에서 방사선과 항암제 치료성적

  • Ahn Sung-Ja (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Chung Woong-Ki (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Nam Taek-Keun (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Nah Byung-Sik (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • Song Ju-Young (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School) ;
  • park Seung-Jin (Department of Radiation Oncology, Chonnam National University Medical School)
  • 안성자 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 정웅기 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 남택근 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 나병식 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 송주영 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과) ;
  • 박승진 (전남대학교 의과대학 방사선종양학과)
  • Published : 2004.03.01
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Abstract

Purpose: To evaluate the treatment outcomes after postmastectomy radiotherapy (PMRT) and chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer. Materials and Methods: The PMRT were retrospectively analyzed in 83 patients with stage II-III female breast cancer treated between 1989 and 1995. The median age was 46 years (range, 23-77): Seventy-seven patients had modified radical mastectomies, 5 radical mastectomies and 1 simple mastectomy. Three patients ($4\%$) had pathologically negative axillae, and the remaining 80 ($96\%$) had positive axillae. Eleven, 23, 44 and 5 patients had pathological stages IIA, IIB, IIIA, and IIIB, retrospectively. Eighty ($96\%$) patients were treated with hockey-stick fields. The median dose of PMRT was 50.4 ey, in 1.8 Gy fractions. Adjuvant systemic chemotherapy was given to 74 patients ($89\%$). CMF-based or doxorubicin-containing regimens were given to 54 patients ($55\%$). The median follow-up time was 82 months (range, 8-171) after the mastectomy. Results: The 5 and 10-year overall survival rates for all patients were 65 and $49\%$, respectively. The univariate and multivariate analyses of the factors affecting the overall survival revealed the stage to be the most significant prognostic factor (p=0.002), followed by the combination of chemotherapy. Thirteen patients $16\%$ developed a LRF, at an interval of 4-84 months after radiotherapy, with a median of 20 months. The only significant prognostic factor affecting LRF was the combination of chemotherapy, in both the univariate and multivariate analyses. With respect to the sequence of chemoradiation, the sequence had no saatistical significance (p=0.90). According to the time interval from mastectomy to the onset of radiotherapy, the LRFR of the patients group treated by RT within or after 6 month postmastectomy 6 months were 14 vs. $27\%$ respectively (p=0.24). One third of the pa41en1s (26/83) developed distant metastasis, in 2-92 months, after radiotherapy, with a median of 21 months. The most commonly involved site was bone in 13 cases. The pathological staging was the only significant prognostic factor in both the univariate and multivariate analyses that affected distant failure. Radiological finding of radiation pneumonitis on a simple chest x-ray was shown in $20\%$ (17/83), with a time interval ranging from 2 to 7 months post-radiotherapy, with a median of 3 months. The stable lung fibrosis settled in 11 patients ($65\%$). Conclusion: It was concluded through this analysis that the combination of PMRT with in chemotherapy resulted in better overall survival and local control than PMRT alone in patients needing PMRT.

목적: 유방절제술 후 방사선치료와 항암화학요법을 시행한 유방암 환자의 치료성적을 연구하고자 하였다. 대상 및 방법: 1989년부터 1995년까지 유방절제술 후 여성 유방암 병기 II-III로 방사선치료를 받았던 83명의 환자를 대상으로 후향적 분석을 시행하였다. 연령 분포는 $23\~77$세였고 중앙 연령은 46세로 77명은 변형된 근치적유방절제술을, 5명은 근치적 유방절제술을, 1명은 단순유방절제술을 받았다. 80명($96\%$)의 환자에서 액와림프절 전이 소견을 보였고 병리학적 병기상 11명이 2기초, 23명이 2기말, 44명은 3기초, 5명은 3기말이었다. 방사선치료는 80명의 환자에서 "hocky-stick 조사문"을 사용하였고 방사선치료 선량의 중앙값은 일일 1.8 Gy, 총 50.4 Gy였다. 74명($89\%$)의 환자에서 항암화학요법이 병행되었으며, 54명($65\%$)의 환자에서 CMF 혹은 doxorubicin이 포함된 약제가 투여되었다. 추적기간은 $8\~17$개월로 중앙값은 82개월이었다. 결과: 5년 및 10년 전체생존율은 각각 $65\%$와 $49\%$이었다. 생존율에 대한 단변량 및 다변량분석에서 병기 2기와 항암화학요법을 병행한 환자군에서 유의한 생존율의 증가를 보여 주었다. 국소재발률은 $16\%$였으며, 방사선치료 후 $4\~84$개월(중앙값: 20개월) 사이에 발생하였다. 국소재발을 보인 13명 중 6명은 국소 재발 단독으로, 그 외 7명은 원격전이와 동시에 국소재발이 발생하였다. 방사선 치료시기와 관련하여 수술 후 6개월 이내에 방사선치료를 받았던 환자군 에서는 국소재발률이 $141\%$인 반면 6개월 이후에 방사선치료를 시행한 경우는 $27\%$였다(p=0.24). 국소재발과 관련하여 시행한 단변량 및 다변량 분석에서는 항암화학요법의 병행 유무가 가장 유의한 예후인자 였다. 그러나 방사선과 항암제의 병행 방법에 따른 생존율이나 국소재발률의 차이는 보이지 않았다. 전체 환자의 약 1/3에서 방사선치료 후 $2\~92$개월(중앙값: 21개월) 사이에 원격전이가 관찰되었고 가장 흔히 침범되는 장기는 골이었다. 17명($20\%$)의 환자에서 방사선폐렴이 확인되었고 방사선 완료 후 $2\~7$개월(중앙값: 3개월) 사이에 발생하였다 이중 $65\%$ (l1/17)의 환자에 서는 단순흉부촬영상 폐섬유화 소견이 잔존하였다. 결론: 본 연구를 통하여 유방절제술 후 방사선치료가 필요하였던 유방암 환자에서 항암제의 병행 치료는 방사선 단독치료에 비해 종양의 국소제어율과 생존율이 향상됨을 알 수 있었다.

Keywords

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