Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences (한국수산과학회지)

The Korean Society of Fisheries and Aquatic Science (한국수산과학회)
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Growth Inhibition of Diatom, Chaetoceros calcitrans by Marine Bacteria, Shewanella sp. SR-14 - Effects of Marine Bacteria on the Changes of Fatty Acid Composition of Diatoms -

해양세균, Shewanella sp. SR-14에 의한 규조류 Chaetoceros calcitrans의 증식저해 - 해양세균이 규조류의 지방산 조성변화에 미치는 영향 -

  • KIM Ji Hoe (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • YOON Ho Dong (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • PARK Hee Yun (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • LEE Hee Jung (National Fisheries Research and Development Institute) ;
  • CHANG Dong Suck (Department of Food Science and Technology, Pukyong National University)
  • Published : 2003.02.01
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Abstract

In the previous reports, the authors isolated two strains of marine bacteria, Shewanella sp. SR-14, which has Chaetonros sp. growth inhibition activity, and Vibrio alginolyticus, that did not affect growth of the alga. In the present study, fatty acid compositions of diatoms, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Skeletonema costatum, and marine bacteria, Shewanella sp. SR-14 and V. alginolyticus, were analyzed. Changes of fatty acid composition in the diatoms grown with the marine bacteria were also determined. Major fatty acids of Sbewanella sp. SR-14 were 16:1n-7 $(29.4\%)$ and 16:0 $(19.2\%)$ during incubation in peptone broth at $20^{\circ}C$ for 3 days. The compositions of V. alginolyticus detected were 16:0 $(23.7\%),$ 16:1n-7 $(27.7\%)$ and 18:1n-7 $(21.0\%).$ C. calcitrans consisted of 16:1n-7 $(33.3\%),$ 16:0 $(27.1\%)$ and 14:0 $(12.1\%).$ S. costatum mainly contained 16:1n-7 $(28.9\%),$ 16:0 $(21.6\%)$ and 20:5 $(19.8\%).$ When halves of cell numbers of C. calcitrans were moribund cells by Shewanella sp. SR-14, the C. calcitrans and S. costatum simultaneously cultured with the bacteria were harvested by filtration with GE/D glass microfibre filter. In the fatty acid composition of both diatoms, saturated fatty acid contents in both diatoms grown with Shewanella sp. SR-14 were decreased, but unsaturated fatty acid contents were increased. The differences were greater in C. calcitrans than those in S. costatum. During the growth of diatoms with V. alginolyticus, C. calcitrans showed increase of saturated fatty acid contents and decrease of unsaturated fatty acid contents; however, S. costatum did not show sharp difference in fatty acid content. In this study, Shewanella sp. SR-14, which showed growth inhibition activity against C. calcitrans, influenced on the changes of fatty acid contents in the diatom. It was suggested that increased unsaturated fatty acid was synergistically activated algal growth inhibition activity of Shewanella sp. SR-14.

규조류 C. calcitrans와 S. costatum, 그리고 Chaetoceros spp. 생육저해 활성을 가지는 해양세균, Shewanella sp. SR-14와 그 저해활성이 없는 V. alginolyticus의 지방산 조성을 분석하고 이들 해양세균과 규조류를 각각 혼합배양하였을 때 규조류의 지방산 조성변화를 측정하였다. Peptone broth에서 $20^{\circ}C$, 3일간 배양한 Shewanella sp. SR-14의 주요 지방산 조성은 16:1n-7 $(29.4\%)$과 16:0 $(19.2\%)$이었으나, V. alginolyticus의 경우는 16:0 $(23.7\%)$ 16:1n-7 $(27.7\%)$ 및 18:1n-7 $(21.0\%)$이었으며, 이들 세균을 Conwy 배지에서 재배양 하였을 때 그 조성은 peptone broth에서 배양한 균체와 약간의 변화가 있었다. 순수배양한 미세조류의 주요 지방산은 C. calcitrans의 경우 16:1n-7 $(33.3\%),$ 16:0 $(27.1\%)$ 및 14:0 $(12.1\%)$ 이었고, S. costatum은 16:1n-7 $(28.9\%),$ 16:0 $(21.6\%)$ 및 20:5 $(19.8\%)$이었다. 세균과 혼합배양한 규조류의 지방산 조성은 Shewanella sp. SR-l4와 혼합배양한 경우 순수배양한 조체에 비하여 포화지방산의 비율은 감소하였으나 불포화지방산의 비율은 증가하였으며, 그 변동율은 C. calcitrans의 경우가 S. costatum보다 높았다. 그러나 V. alginolyticus와 혼합배양한 경우 C. calcitrans는 포화지방산이 증가한 반면 불포화지방산은 감소하는 경향을 나타내었고, S. costatum은 순수 배양한 조체와 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다. 그래서 C. calcitrans는 Shewanella sp. SR-14에 의하여 불포화지방산의 조성이 증가되고, 이러한 지방산은 이 균이 생성하는 조류증식 저해물질과 상승적으로 작용하여 더욱 조류의 증식이 억제되는 것으로 시사되었다.

Keywords

References

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