한국지구과학회지 (Journal of the Korean earth science society)

  • 제24권7호
  • /
  • Pages.635-649
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  • 2003
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  • 1225-6692(pISSN)
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  • 2287-4518(eISSN)
한국지구과학회 (The Korean Earth Science Society)
권호 표지

중금속 원소와 유공충을 이용한 마산만 퇴적물의 오염 역사에 관한 연구

Pollution History of the Masan Bay, Southeast Korea, from Heavy Metals and Foraminifera in the Subsurface Sediments

  • 조진형 (한국해양연구원 해저환경 자원연구본부) ;
  • 정갑식 (한국해양연구원 해저환경 자원연구본부) ;
  • 정창수 (한국해양연구원 해양기후 환경연구본부) ;
  • 권수재 (한국해양연구원 해저환경 자원연구본부) ;
  • 박성민 (한국해양연구원 해저환경 자원연구본부) ;
  • 우한준 (한국해양연구원 해저환경 자원연구본부)
  • Cho, Jin-Hyung (Marine Geoenvironment & Resources Research Division, KORDI) ;
  • Jeong, Kap-Sik (Marine Geoenvironment & Resources Research Division, KORDI) ;
  • Chung, Chang-Soo (Ocean climate & Environment Research Division, KORDI) ;
  • Kwon, Su-Jae (Marine Geoenvironment & Resources Research Division, KORDI) ;
  • Park, Sung-Min (Marine Geoenvironment & Resources Research Division, KORDI) ;
  • Woo, Han-Jun (Marine Geoenvironment & Resources Research Division, KORDI)
  • 발행 : 2003.12.31
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초록

마산만의 오염과정을 파악하기 위하여 3개 정점의 코어 퇴적물에서 중금속 함량과 저서성 유공충의 분포를 조사하였다. 마산만의 퇴적속도는 마산항 0.33 cm/yr, 덕동 하수종말 처리장 앞 0.20 cm/yr, 마산만 입구 0.33 cm/yr로 나타났다. 퇴적물 깊이 약 15 cm부터 표층까지 Cu, Zn, Pb 함량이 뚜렷하게 증가하는 것은 1940년대 이후 점진적으로 축적되던 오염물질이 1960년대 이후 산업폐기물에 의해 급격하게 증가했기 때문인 것으로 해석된다. 코어 퇴적물에서 나타나는 저서성 유공충의 수직적인 분포는 오염에 따른 유공충의 반응을 잘 나타내고 있다. 퇴적물 상부로 중금속 함량이 증가함에 따라 개체수와 종 다양성은 감소하고 사질유공충의 비율은 증가하였다. 이러한 현상은 오염이 증가함에 따라 몇몇 내성종들 만이 존재함으로써 결과적으로 종 다양성이 감소하였음을 반영한다. 기회종인 Eggerella advena와 Trochammina pacifica는 오염퇴적물에서 뚜렷한 증가를 보였다. 이러한 종들은 마산만의 현생 오염 환경을 평가할 수 있는 유용한 환경 지시자로 사용될 수 있을 것이다.

Heavy metal concentrations and benthic foraminiferal distributions were investigated in three short sediment cores in order to understand the pollution history in Masan Bay. Sedimentation rates were 0.33 cm/yr, 0.20 cm/yr and 0.33 cm/yr in the inner bay, the out fall of Dugdong sewage disposal plant, and bay mouth, respectively. The rapid increases of copper, zinc and lead concentrations at the core depth of 10 cm the upper part indicated that Masan Bay has been polluted with industrial wastes since the 1940s. Benthic foraminifera in core sediments show that the variations in their distribution were followed by industrial pollution in the bay. The number of individuals and species diversity decreased, whereas agglutinated tests increased upward in the cores with increased heavy metal pollution. These shifts effectd the abundance of few tolerant forms and consequently decreased the species diversity. The opportunistic species Eggerella advena and Trochammina pacifica increased in polluted sediments. These species can be used as an indicator for assessments of environmental quality in Masan Bay.

키워드

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