Analysis of Nutrients Balance during Paddy Rice Cultivation

수도재배시 논에서의 영양물질 수지 분석

  • 황화선 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과) ;
  • 전지홍 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과) ;
  • 함종화 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과) ;
  • 윤춘경 (건국대학교 지역건설환경공학과)
  • Published : 2003.03.31

Abstract

Field experimental study was performed to evaluate water and nutrient balances in paddy rice culture. The water balance showed that outflow generally balanced the inflow showing that about half (47${\sim}$54%) of total outflow was lost by surface drainage. No significant effect of fertilization rate was observed from three treatments (150%, 100%, and 70% of standard fertilization) on both rice yield and nutrient outflow from surface drainage. Therefore, reducing nonpoint source nutrient loading by reducing fertilization may not work well in the range of normal paddy rice farming practice, and instead it could be achieved by reducing surface drainage outflow. Water-saving irrigation by reducing pending depth, raising ridge height in rice field, and minimizing forced surface drainage are suggested to reduce surface drainage outflow. These practices can save water and protect water quality, however, deviation from conventional standard practices might affect the rice yield and further investigations are necessary. It was demonstrated that rainfall affects nutrient net outflow and paddy rice culture might be beneficial to wafer quality protection under normal rainfall condition.

본 연구에서는 총 유입 (1,100 mm)의 반 정도가 강우로부터 유입되었고, 나머지는 관개로부터 유입되었다. 유출은 총 유출량의 반 정도(47${\sim}$54%)가 배수에 의한 유출이였으며, 식물의 성장을 위한 증발산량이 40${\sim}$46%이었다. 지표배수의 경우 강우에 의한 유출과 중간낙수가대부분을 차지하였다. 인과 질소의 영양물질 수지는 유입수의 대부분은 시비로부터 공급되고(78${\sim}$96%),대부분의 유출은 식물체생산(86${\sim}$94%)으로 발생되었으나, 지표배수를 통한 영양물질의 손실량(6${\sim}$l2%)도 많은 부분을 차지하였다. 시비량의 차이는 지표배수를 통한 영양물질 손실과 수확량에 적은 영향를 미치는 것으로 보아 낮은 시비량적용만으로는 영양물질 유출을 감소시키기에는 큰 효과를 기대할 수 없다. 순배출부하량의 분석결과 논농사는 일반적인 강우량의 범위에서 오염물질배출원 보다는 수질 보호의 순기능이 있는 것으로 나타났다. 지표배수를 통한 영양물질 손실의 감소는 지표배수를 줄임으로서 효과를 기대할 수 있다. 담수심을 줄여 관개수를 절약하고, 논뚝에서 물꼬의 높이를 증가시키고, 강제배수를 최소화 하는 방법들은 지표배수를 저감하기위한 대안으로 제안된다. 이러한 영농방법은 물 절약과 수질 보호가 가능하지만, 영농방법의 변화는 수확량에 영향을 줄 것이라 생각되며 더 많은 연구를 필요로 할 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Methods in Plant Ecology Chemical analysis Allen, S.E.;H.M. Grimshaw;A.P. Rowland;P.D. Moore(ed.);S.B. Chapman(ed.)
  2. Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater(19th ed.) APHA
  3. Methods of Soil Analysis, Part 2: Chemical and Microbiological Properties(2nd Ed.) ASA;SSSA
  4. Agricultural Water Management v.49 Field water management to save water and increase its productivity in irrigated lowland rice Bouman, B.A.M.;T.P. Toung
  5. Agricultural Water Management v.57 Comparing water input and water productivity of transplanted and direct-seed rice production systems Cabangon, R.J.;T.P. Tuong;N.B. Abdullah
  6. Korean J. of Crop Science v.43 Effect of tillage and seeding methods on percolation and irrigation requirement in rice paddy condition Chae, J.C.
  7. Crop Science v.40 A uniform objective and adaptive system for expressing rice development Counce, P.A.;T.C. Keisling;A.J. Mitchell
  8. Water Management in Philippine Irrigation Systems: Research and Operations Water stress effects in flooded tropical rice De Datta, S.K.;W.P. Abilay;G.N. Kalwar
  9. Rice Culture in Asia Environmentally beneficial function of rice culture and paddy soil Eom, K.C.
  10. Environmental Soil Physics Hillel, D.
  11. Indian Journal of Agricultural Science v.50 Water-use efficiency of transplanted and direct-sown rice under different water management practices Hukkeri, S.B.;A.K. Sharma
  12. Rice Culture in Asia Rice cultural practices in Asia Lee, B.W.
  13. Agricultural Water Management v.38 Rainwater, soil and nutrient conservation in rainfed rice lands in Eastern India Mishra, A.;A.K. Ghorai;S.R. Singh
  14. Journal of Japanese Society of Water Environment v.23 no.5 Mass balances of water and nutrients in a paddy field Udo, A.;F. Jiku;T. Okubo;M. Nakamura
  15. Journal of Korean Society of Rural Planning v.8 no.1 Water and Nutrient Balance of Paddy Field Irrigated from a Pumping Station during Cropping Period Yoon, K.S.;K.H. Han;J.Y. Cho;C.H. Choi;J.G. Son;J.K. Choi