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Occurrence of Fusarium wilt on Cyclamen Casued by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis and Selection of Resistant Cultivars

Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis에 의한 시클라멘 시들음병 발생 및 저항성 품종 선발

  • Kim, Jin-Young (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Hong-Gi (Department of Agricultural Biology, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Hong, Sun-Sung (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services) ;
  • Kim, Jin-Won (Department of Environmental Horticulture, The University of Seoul) ;
  • Park, Kyeong-Yeol (Gyeonggi-do Agricultural Research and Extension Services)
  • Published : 2003.06.01

Abstract

A wilt disease of commercial cyclamen (Cyclamen persicum) which grown in greenhouse was found in Gyeo-nggi province of Korea during the period from August, 2001 to July, 2002. The disease incidence was up to 42.7% in Kimpo, Gyeonggi province. The disease was more severe in ebb and flow irrigation system than con-ventional overhead flooding\'s. The wilted cyclamen plants showed the chlorosis of leaves and followed by the death. The vascular tissues of the infected basal stem and bulb were discolored with black streaks. The casual fungus was identified to be Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis on the basis of mycological characteristics. Effect of infected soil showed 100% infection rate when the cyclamen plants were grown in potting with infested soil. Examine resistant cultivar showed ‘Matis red’, ‘Schubert’, ‘Victoria’ and ‘Chopin’ were the resistant cultivars but most of cultivars were susceptible to Fusarium wilt. The control effect of chemicals for cyclamen wilt was not much efficient to curative effects even though. Benomyl WP and Fludioxonil SC on the Fusarium wilt had only preventive effects by soil drenching in the pot before inoculation of F. oxysporum. This is the first report on the fusarium wilt of cyclamen caused by F. oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis in Korea.

2001년 8월에서 2002년 7월까지 경기도내 주요 시설하우스 재배지에서 시클라멘 시들음병 발생을 조사한 결과 전지역에서 발생이 확인되었으며, 김포에서는 발병주율이 42.7%까지 되었다. 시들음병 발생은 관행적인 지상관수방법보다 저면관수에서 발생이 더 심하였다. 발병된 시클라멘 잎은 황화되고 병이 진전되면 고사하였으며 구근에서는 갈변 증상이 관찰되었다. 갈변된 구근 조직에서 병원균을 분리하여 fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis로 동정하였다. 발병지 상토를 수거하여 시클라멘을 이식했을 때 100% 발병하였다. 저항성 품종 선발에서는 'Matis red', 'Schubert', 'Victoria', 'Chopin'의 4품종만이 저항성 품종으로 검정 되었을 뿐 대부분의 품종이 감수성이었다. 시들음병 방제약제 선발 결과 방제 효과는 비교적 낮았으나 병원균 접종 전 약제처리시 베노밀 수화제와 후루 디옥소닐 액상수화제의예방 효과가 인정되었다. 그리고 병을 Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cyclaminis에 의한 시클라멘 시들음병으로 명명할 것을 제안한다.

Keywords

References

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