A GIS-based Traffic Accident Analysis on Highways using Alignment Related Risk Indices

고속도로 선형조건과 GIS 기반 교통사고 위험도지수 분석 (호남.영동.중부고속도로를 중심으로)

  • 강승림 (국토연구원) ;
  • 박창호 (서울대학교 지구환경시스템공학부)
  • Published : 2003.02.01

Abstract

A traffic accident analysis method was developed and tested based on the highway alignment risk indices using geographic information systems(GIS). Impacts of the highway alignment on traffic accidents have been identified by examining accidents occurred on different alignment conditions and by investigating traffic accident risk indices(TARI). Evaluative criteria are suggested using geometric design elements as an independent variable. Traffic accident rates were forecasted more realistically and objectively by considering the interaction between highway alignment factors and the design consistency. And traffic accident risk indices and risk ratings were suggested based on model estimation results and accident data. Finally, forecasting traffic accident rates, evaluating the level of risk and then visualizing information graphically were combined into one system called risk assessment system by means of GIS. This risk assessment system is expected to play a major role in designing four-lane highways and developing remedies for highway sections susceptible to traffic accidents.

본 논문에서는 GIS(Geographic Information System:지리정보체계)를 기반으로 도로의 선형조건을 이용하여 고속도로의 사고위험도를 파악하고 평가할 수 있는 방법을 개발하였다. 고속도로 평면곡선부에 대한 다양한 사고분석을 통해 도로의 선형조건이 교통사고에 미치는 영향을 규명하였으며. 이 결과를 토대로 사고예측모형을 구축하였다. 특히 사고영향인자를 규명하는 데에 있어서는 도로선형요소의 상호작용과 선형의 연속성을 반영함으로써 보다 현실적이고 객관적인 예측모형을 구축할 수 있도록 하였다. 아울러 사고예측모형의 추정결과와 사고자료를 토대로 고속도로의 선형조건에 따른 종합적인 사고위험도지수를 설정하고 이에 대한 평가기준을 마련하였다. 한편 주어진 도로선형조건에 따라 사고발생가능성을 예측하고 사고위험도를 평가하는 일련의 과정을 GIS와 결합하여 프로그래밍 함으로써 해당구간의 사고율 사고위험도지수, 위험도평가등급이 자동적으로 결정될 수 있게 하였을 뿐만 아니라 관련정보 및 평가결과를 시각적으로 제공하여 이용자가 보다 쉽게 이해하고 편리하게 사용할 수 있는 사고위험도 평가 프로그램을 개발하였다. 개발된 사고예측모형과 이를 토대로 설정한 사고위험도지수 및 위험도평가등급은 안전하고 비용-효율적인 도로설계에 도움을 줄 수 있을 뿐 만 아니라, 사고취약구간에 대한 대책 마련에도 이바지 할 것으로 기대된다.

Keywords

References

  1. 도로의 기하구조와 안전성의 상호관계분석 연구 국토개발원
  2. SPSS 10.0 매뉴얼(통계 분석방법 및 해설) 이학식;김영
  3. 고속도로 교통사고특성 및 감소대책에 관한 연구 한국도로공사
  4. Investigations About Consistency, Final Report, NSF/ENG-87026 Rural Roads Speed Inconsistencies Design Methods, Part Ⅰ, Operating Speed and Accident Rates on Two-Lane Rural Highway Curved Sections Choueiri,E.M.;R.Lamm
  5. Transportation Research Record 1658 Speed variability on rural two-lane highways Collins,J.;K.Fitzpatrick;K.A.Bauer;D.W.Harwood
  6. Research report, FHWA-RD-99-171 Speed prediction for two lane rural highways Fitzpatrick,K.(et al.)
  7. Transportation Research Record 1665 Safety and the Choice of Degree of Curve Hauer,E.
  8. Transportation Research Record 1701 Speed reduction as a surrogate for accident experience at horizontal curves on rural two-lane highways Ingrid,B.A.;A.K.Raymond
  9. The 74th annual meeting Transportation Research Record Tangent length and sight distance effects of accident rates at horizontal curves of rural tow-lane highways Kenneth,L.F.;A.K.Raymonds
  10. Technical Research Centre of Finland, Traffic Safety Theory and Research Methods, Session 4. Statistical Analysis and Models Accident Prediction Models for Two-Lane Roads in Finland Kulmala,R.;M.Roine
  11. Transportation Research Record 1122 Recommendations for evaluating horizontal design consistency based on investigations in the state of new york Lamm,R.;E.M.Choueiri
  12. Final Report. NSF/ENG-87027 Rural Roads Speed Inconsistencies Design Methods, Part Ⅱ, A Design Method to Determine Critical Operating Speed Inconsistencies on Two-Lane Rural Roads in the State of New York Lamm,R.;E.M.Choueiri;A.Paluri
  13. Transportation Research Record, 1195 Possible Design Procedure to Promote Design Consistency in Highway Geometric Design on Two-Lane Rural Road Lamm,R.(et al.)
  14. High Design and Traffic Safety Engineering Handbook Lamm,R.(et al.)
  15. proceedings of 56th TRB annual meeting New concepts in design speed application as a control in achieving consistent highway design Leisch,J.E.;J.P.Leisch
  16. Transportation Research Record 1635 Two Problems of averaging arising in the estimation of the relationship between accidents and traffic flow Mensah,A.;E.Hauer
  17. Proceeding of AET European Transport Conference v.428 Signing and Marking of Substandard Horizontal Curves on Rural Roads Nielsen,M.A.;P.Grebe
  18. Transportation Research Record 1122 Models for Evaluating the Consistency of Highway Alignment Polus,A.;D.Dagan
  19. Transportation Research Record 1356 Geometric inconsistencies and accident experience on two-lane rural highway Raymond,A.K.;W.G.Stephen
  20. FHWA-RD-90-021 Cost Effective Geometric Improvements for Safety Upgrading of Horizontal Curves Zegeer,C.V.;Stewart,R.;Reinfurt,D.;Council,F.;Neuman,T.;Hamilton,E.;Miller,T.;Hunter,W.
  21. Transportation Research Record 1356 Safety effect of geometric Improvements on horizontal Curves Zegeer,C.V.;J.R.Stewart;M.C.Forrest