Analysis on the contamination and source of VOCs in groundwaters of Gwangju area

광주광역시의 지하수 중 휘발성유기화합물(VOCs)의 오염과 오염원 분석

  • Yun, Uk (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Cho, Byong-Wook (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Eum, Chul-Hun (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources) ;
  • Sung, Ik-Hwan (Korea Institute of Geoscience and Mineral Resources)
  • Published : 2003.12.01

Abstract

VOCs were detected in the 21 groundwaters out of 37 groundwaters sampled from around the Hanam Industrial Complex and the Gwangju stream. Ten components of chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons of VOCs were detected in the 18 groundwater samples. Among them, total trihalomethanes (TTHM) concentration is in the range of $0.1~36.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$, CECs concentration is $2.3~190{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$, and chlorinated solvents concentration containing PCE, TCE, etc. is $0.1~124.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$ respectively. Ten components of the aromatic hydrocarbons of VOCs were detected in the 5 groundwater samples, but their concentration are less than $1{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$. Detection frequency and concentration of the chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons components from the groundwaters in the Hanam Industrial Complex are higher than those of nearby downtown Gwangju stream. VOCs components except for TCE are lower than the MCL of USGS drinking water standard. TCE concentration of the 2 groundwater samples is over MCL, whose concentrations are 5 and 25 times higher than MCL, respectively. TCE is detected from the H8 and H10 groundwater samples and CFCs is detected H8 and H11 groundwater samples in the Hanam Industrial Complex. TTHM in study area is estimated from leakage of the main waters or sewage waters. Because most of the studied groundwater is under an aerobic condition, aromatic hydrocarbons are well degraded. But chlorinated aliphatic hydrocarbons are degraded very slowly.

광주광역시의 하남산업단지 주변 및 도심지 광주천 일대의 37개 조사관정 중 21개 관정의 지하수에서 VOCs가 검출되었다. 염소계지방족 탄화수소는 37개 조사관정 중 18개 관정의 지하수에서 검출되었으며, 그 중 총트리할로메탄(TTHM)은 $0.1~36.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$의 분포를 보이고, CFC는 42.3~190{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$의 범위를 보이며, PCE, TCE 및 그 분해물들은 $0.1~124.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$의 농도를 보인다. 방향족탄화수소는 5개 관정의 지하수에서 10가지 성분이 검출되었으나, $0.2{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$ 미만의 낮은 농도로 나타났다. 하남산업단지 주변에서는 염소계지방족 탄화수소 성분이 광주천 인근 지하수 보다 검출빈도와 농도가 높게 나타나며, 지하수 시료중의 VOCs 성분은 TCE를 제외하고는 미국 음용수 기준치를 초과하지 않는다. TCE의 경우 하남산업단지에 소재하는 2개 지점의 지하수에서 먹는물 기준치($5{\;}\mu\textrm{g}/L$)를 각각 5배, 25배를 초과하는 것으로 나타났다 하남산업단지 지하수 시료중의 TCE 오염은 H8과 H10 관정에서, CFCs는 H8과 H11관정 부근의 지하수에서 검출되었다. 하남산업단지 주변 및 광주천 일대에서 검출된 TTHM은 상수도 및 하수도의 누출로부터 기원하는 것으로 판단된다. 연구 대상지역은 일부지역을 제외하고는 호기성지대로 구성되어 대부분의 방향족탄화수소는 분해가 잘되는 환경이나 염소계지방족 탄화수소는 대부분 생분해 반응이 서서히 일어나는 환경에 해당한다.

Keywords

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