Journal of the Korean Vacuum Society (한국진공학회지)

The Korean Vacuum Society (한국진공학회)
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Characteristics of Refractive Index Profiles at Different Temperatures in $LiNbO_3$ and $KTiOPO_4$ Waveguide Formed by 350 keV Light Ions

  • Wang, Ke-Ming (Department of Physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Feng Chen (Department of Physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Hui Hu (Department of Physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Xia, Hui-Hao (Department of Physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Wang, Xue-Lin (Department of Physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Shi, Bo-Rong (Department of Physics, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong and Department of physics, Shandong University) ;
  • Lu, Qing-Ming (Chemistry College, Shandong University)
  • Published : 2003.10.01
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Abstract

Both $LiNbO_3$ and $KTiOPO_4$ samples were implanted with 350 keY $H^+$ and $He^+$ ions at different doses ranging from $1 ${\times}$\times10^{16}$ to of $5 ${\times}$\times10^{16}$ ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$. Single and multi-energy implantations were performed at room temperature. Mono-mode or a few modes in both $LiNbO_3$ and $KTiOPO_4$ waveguides were observed. The effect of temperature on the refractive index profiles of $LiNbO_3$ and $KTiOPO_4$ waveguids was studied. The temperature covered from room temperature, $200^{\circ}C$, 194.5 K (dry ice) and 77K (liquid nitrogen). Different mechanisms are needed to interpret the observed behavior. A n, increased mono-mode $LiNbO_3$ waveguide was formed by multi-energy keV $He^+$ ions.

Keywords

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