Protective Effect of Nitroglycerin on the Ischemia-Reperfusion Model of the Isolated Rat Lung

흰쥐의 분리 폐장 관류 모델에서 Nitroglycerin의 폐장 보존 효과

  • Jheon, Sang-Hoon (Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Lee, Sub (Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Lee, Jong-Hoon (Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Son, Bok-Kyoung (Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Cho, Gong-Rae (Dept. of Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Chung, Jin-Yong (Dept. of Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Cho, Soung-Kyung (Dept. of Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Kim, Bong-Il (Dept. of Anesthesiology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Lee, Young-Man (Dept. of Physiology, Catholic University of Daegu) ;
  • Choh, Joong-Haeng (Dept. of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital)
  • 전상훈 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이섭 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이종훈 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 손복경 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 조공래 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취과학교실) ;
  • 정진용 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취과학교실) ;
  • 조성경 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취과학교실) ;
  • 김봉일 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 마취과학교실) ;
  • 이영만 (대구가톨릭대학교 의과대학 생리학교실) ;
  • 조중행 (분당서울대학교병원 흉부외과)
  • Published : 2003.12.01

Abstract

Protection against ischemia-reperfusion injury is crucial for successful transplantation of the lung. It has been known that nitric oxide has many favorable effects on the donor lungs but at the same time, has some potential side effects of cytotoxicity. In this regards, we investigated whether the administration of nitroglycerin could decrease ischemia-reperfusion injury in isolated rat lung reperfusion model for the confirmation of the effect of nitroglycerin, a donor of nitric oxide, on lung transplantation. Material and Method: 35 Sprague-Dawley species male white rats were used for this experiment. For nitroglycerin group (n=18), nitroglycerin was administered intravenously followed by mixed in flushing solution for preservation. As a control group (n=17), we used the same amount of normal saline. To evaluate the effect of nitroglycerin on the lung, heart-lung block was obtained, weighed and stored in University of Wisconsin Solution at 1$0^{\circ}C$ for 24 hours. In each group of the isolated lungs, reperfusion was carried out with Krebs-Hensleit-diluted human blood for 60 minutes. As parameters of the state of the isolated lung, peak inspiratory and pulmonary arterial pressures were continuously recorded. Oxygen and carbon dioxide tension of reperfusing blood were measured before and after 30, 60 minutes of reperfusion. After sixty minutes of reperfusion, protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was measured also for the evaluation of the degree of alveolar flooding. Lung myeloperoxidase activity was determined to verify the accumulation of neutrophils. Results: Although statistically significant differences were not noted in peak inspiratory and pulmonary arterial pressure between control and nitroglycerin group, latter group showed lowering tendency of pulmonary arterial pressure during the entire reperfusion period. Oxygen tension was higher (p<0.05) in nitroglycerin group compared with that of the control group, in contrast, there were no differences in carbon dioxide tension, protein content in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and myeloperoxidase activity between the groups. In the examination of ultrastructural changes, nitroglycerin denoted the protective effect on the pulmonary architecture compared with that of control group. Conclusion: Collectively, on the bases of these experimental results, prior treatment of donor lung with nitroglycerin could result in better preservation of the lung. Consequently, these nitroglycerin preserved lungs are thought to be more suitable for successful transplantation of the lung.

체내에서 발생하는 산화 질소는 허혈-재관류에 따른 폐혈관 저항을 감소시키고 혈관의 미세 투과도를 줄이고 세포손상을 방지하여 이식 후 폐장 기능의 보전에 도움이 된다고 알려져 있으나, 산화질소 자체의 세포독성으로 인해 재관류 동안 폐 부종을 오히려 증가시킬 수도 있다고 한다. 저자들은 산화 질소의 공여물질인 nitroglycerin을 투여한 분리 폐장 관류 모델을 이용하여 폐장 보존에 이점과 단점을 동시에 가지고 있는 산화질소가 허혈-재관류 과정에서 폐장의 기능에 미치는 영향을 알아보기 위하여 본 연구를 시행하였다. 대상 및 방법: Sprague-Dawley종의 수컷 흰쥐 35마리를 사용하였다. Nitroglycerin (NTG)군(n=18)은 NTG를 정맥 주사하고 University of Wisconsin용액에 혼합하여 폐장 관류를 시행하였고, 대조군(n=17)은 NTG 대신 같은 양의 생리 식염수를 사용하였다. 구득한 심폐블록을 1$0^{\circ}C$에서 24시간 동안 보관한 후, 분리 폐장 관류 모델에서 인체 혈액을 Krebs-Hensleit용액으로 희석하여 60분간 재관류하였다. 재관류하는 동안 기도내압과 페동맥압을 지속적으로 측정하였고, 관류후 30분과 60분에 혈액 내 산소와 이산화탄소 분압을 측정하였다. 재관류가 끝난 후 기관지폐포세척을 통해 폐포 내 단백함량을 측정하였으며, 중성구 침착 정도를 알기 위해 myeloperoxidase (MPO) 활성도를 측정하였다. 걸과: 두 군 간의 기도내압과 폐동맥압은 통계적으로 유의한 차이는 없었으나, NTG군에서 관류기간 중 폐동맥압이 상대적으로 낮게 유지되는 경향이 있었다. 이산화탄소 분압, 기관지폐포세척액 내의 단백질 함량, MPO의 활성도는 두 군에서 유의한 차이는 없었으나, 산소 분압은 NTG 군에서 통계적으로 유의하게 높게 나타났다(p<0.05). 전자현미경 검사에도 대조군에 비해 NTG군에서 폐포구조, 폐포상피세포, 모세혈관배열 등 미세구조의 손상이 적게 나타났다. 결론. 폐장 구득전 NTG의 투여는 폐장의 기능과 미세구조의 유지에 도움이 된다고 판단되며, 임상 폐이식에도 적용이 가능하리라 생각된다.

Keywords

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