The Effects of Indole Acetic Acid (IAA) on Cd$^{2+}$_induced Physiological Toxicities in Commelina communis L.

Cd$^{2+}$ 에 의한 닭의장풀의 식물 독성에 Indole acetic acid가 미치는 영향

  • 이준상 (상지대학교 생명과학과)
  • Published : 2003.09.01

Abstract

3-weeks old Commelina was transferred to and grown in Hoagland solution (($\pm 100 \mu M \;Cd^{2+}, 100 \mu M \;Cd^{2+}+10 \mu M\;IAA,100 \mu M\; Cd^{2+}+100 \mu M \; IAA,100 \mu M \; Cd^{2+} +1 \mu M \; IAA)$) for three weeks and then a number of physiological activities was investigated. In the control the length of stem was increased to 7 cm after 3 weeks, but in the treatment of $Cd^{2+}$, 2.0 cm was grown. In cases of IAA with $Cd^{2+}$, the growth of the plants was increased to 3.7 cm, 5.0 cm and 3.3 cm in 100 $\mu$M, 10 $\mu$M and 1 mM IAA respectively, Cadmium stimulated stomatal opening. The stomata, treated with $Cd^{2+}$ opened to n degree of about 6.1 $\mu\textrm{m}$, but the stomata, treated with no cadmium opened to 4.5 $\mu\textrm{m}$. In the treatment of various concentation of IAA with cadmium the stomata opend to about 1 $\mu\textrm{m}$ more than that of cadmium alone. Cadmium reduced total chlorophyll content up to 13% for 3 weeks. In the treatment of $Cd^{2+}$ + IAA (10 $\mu$M and 100 $\mu$M) the clear change of total chlorophyll content was not observed, but in the addition of 1 mM IAA to $Cd^{2+}$ reduced the total chlorophyll content to about 9%. $Cd^{2+}$ reduced to 9% and 11% of Fv/Fm after two and three weeks respectively. In cases of IAA with $Cd^{2+}$, there were no clear changes of Fv/Fm. Cadmium reduced water potential to 67% after 3 weeks incubation, but in cases of IAA with $Cd^{2+}$, water potential was not clearly changed. Therefore, it could be concluded that the treatment of IAA showed clear alleviation of $Cd^{2+}$-induced several physiological toxicities.

3주간 정상적으로 생장한 닭의장풀을 Hoagland용액 ($\pm 100 \mu M \;Cd^{2+}, 100 \mu M \;Cd^{2+}+10 \mu M\;IAA,100 \mu M\; Cd^{2+}+100 \mu M \; IAA,100 \mu M \; Cd^{2+} +1 \mu M \; IAA)$에서 3주간 수경재배 한 후 생장, 기공개폐, 엽록소 함유량, 엽록소 형광 및 수분퍼텐셜을 조사하였다. Hoagland용액에 $Cd^{2+}$ 처리시 3주 동안 2.0 cm 생장했으나, 대조구는 7.0 cm생장했다. 반면에 카드뮴에 10$\mu$M IAA를 같이 처리한 경우는 3주 동안 3.7 cm자랐으며, 100 $\mu$M IAA를 같이 처리하면 3주 동안 5 cm그리고 1mM IAA의 경우는 3.3 cm 생장하였다. $Cd^{2+}$은 기공열림을 촉진하였으며, 아울러 IAA첨가는 $Cd^{2+}$을 단독처리 한 경우보다 기공열림을 더 촉진하였다. 엽록소 함량의 변화는 $Cd^{2+}$ 처리구에서 뚜렷하게 관찰되었다. Cd$^{2+}$ 처리구는 대조구에 비해 3주 때 엽록소 함량이 13%억제되었다. $Cd^{2+}$과 IAA를 함께 처리한 경우는 10 $\mu$M과 100 $\mu$M에서는 뚜렷한 엽록소 함량의 변화가 관찰되지 않았다. 1 mM IAA 처리구에서는 약 9% 엽록소 함량이 감소하였다. 모든 처리구에서 정상적인 엽록소 a/b비율을 보여주었으나, $Cd^{2+}$처리구에서 3주 배양한 경우 2.38을 보여주었다. Fv/Fm 측정 결과 $Cd^{2+}$ 처리는 Fv/Fm값에 영향을 주었다. 카드뮴 처리 1주에는 큰 변화가 없었으나,2주와 3주 처리시에는 대조구에 비해 각각 9%와 11% 억제되었다. $Cd^{2+}$처리시 약 3주 후에 약 67%가 수분퍼텐셜이 감소하였다. 반면에 $Cd^{2+}$에 IAA를 다양한 농도에서 첨가하면 수분퍼텐셜의 변화는 미미하였다. 위의 결과들로부터 IAA는 식물의 생장, 엽록소 함량,Fm/Fv그리고 수분퍼텐셜에서 $Cd^{2+}$에 의한 심각한 독성을 뚜렷하게 완화시키는 것으로 사료된다.

Keywords

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