Journal of the East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회지)

The East Asian Society of Dietary Life (동아시아식생활학회)
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Nutritional Status and Knowledge of the Elderly over 65 Years in Young-Nam Area

영남 일부지역 65세 이상 노인의 섭취상태와 영양지식에 관한 연구

  • Published : 2003.02.01
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Abstract

This study investigated the nutritional status and the knowledge of the 204 elderly in Young-nam area. Their weight and height were measured and their dietary intake and nutritional knowledge evaluated. The sutjects were 74.7$\pm$5.9 years old in average. The BMIs were in the moderate range. Weights and BMI decreased significantly with age. The dietary assessment data showed that each energy intake of the males and the females was 90.9% and 97.0% compared with the Korean RDA, respectively. The dietary intake of vitamin A, calcium and iron was lower than that of the Korean RDA. The fiber intake of the subjects was 7.4g~7.8g. The MAR of vitamin $_{B2}$ was the lowest, 0.66 and that of phosphorus was the highest, 0.99. According to the nutritional knowledge level, the intake of protein, vitamin A, vitamin $B_1$and iron in the excellent group was significantly higher than that in the poor group. The correlation analysis revealed that the score of nutritional knowledge was positively associated with BMI, MAR and protein intake, while negatively with age.e.

65세 이상 노인 204명(남자 94명, 여자 110명))을 대상으로 영양소섭취상태와 영양지식점수를 분석한 결과는 다음과 같다. 1) 연령분포는 65~74세 99명(48.5%), 75세 이상 105명(51.5%)이었으며, 가정 총 수입은 99만원 이하 47명(23%), 100만원에서 199만원 115명(56.4%), 200만원이상 42명(20.6%)으로 나타났다. 가족 형태는 핵가족 97명(47.5%), 확대가족 107명(52.5%)이었다. 2)권장량에 비해서 높게 섭취하는 에너지 및 영양소는 단백질, 비타민 C, 비타민 $B_1$.나이아신 및 인 등이었으며 에너지 섭취량이 남자보다 여자가 많았다. 비타민 $B_2$의 경우, 남녀 모두 가장 낮은 섭취상태를 보였고, 칼슘 역시 낮은 섭취상태를 나타내었다. 3) 영양소 적정섭취비(NAR)는 비타민 $B_2$,가 가장 낮아 0.66이었고, 칼슘 역시 0.68로 낮은 값을 보였으며, 가장 높dms 영양소 적정섭취비는 인으로서 남녀전체 0.99, 남자 1.0을 나타내었다. 평균적정섭취비(MAR)는 65~74세 집단에서 남자가 여자보다 높아 남자노인의 식사의 질이 여자노인의 식사의 질보다 높았다. 모든 대상자의 영양의 질적지수(INQ)는 비타민 $B_2$,(0.71)와 칼슘(0.76)을 제외하고 모든 영양소의 값이 1을 넘어섰다. 4) 영양지식점수를 상, 중, 하의 3 집단으로 분류하여 영양소 섭취량(%RDA)을 비교할 때 상 점수 집단이 하 점수집단보다 에너지, 단백질, 비타민 A, 비타민 $B_1$, 비타민 $B_2$.나이아신 및 철의 섭취량이 높게 나타났다. 그러나 영양지식점수 상 집단에서는 단백질, 비타민 C, 비타민 Bl 등의 섭취량이 권장량에 비하여 매우 높았고, 부족 되는 영양소인 비타민 B2와 칼슘은 권장량에 비하여 매우 낮았다. 5) 영양지식점수는 연령과는 매우 유의 적인 음(r=-0.398)의 상관관계가, MAR(r=0.152), 단백질(r=0.151) 등은 유의 적인 양의 상관관계가 있었다. 이상의 결과에서 가장 부족하게 섭취하는 영양소는 비타민 $B_2$와 칼슘으로 나타났다. 반면 인의 섭취량은 권장량을 상회하는 높은 섭취량을 보였으며, 따라서 인과 칼슘의 비가 2를 넘어섰다. 이는 노인의 골격상태에 나쁜 요인으로 작용 할까 우려된다. 또한 영양지식점수가 높은 집단에서도 비타민 $B_2$와 칼슘이 권장량에 비해서 매우 낮은 섭취상태를 보였고, 또한 권장량에 비해서 지나치게 초과 섭취하는 영양소 등이 있음은 올바른 영양소 섭취가 이루어지지 않았음을 나타내었다. 이론적 지식이 실천적 지식으로 활동될 수 있는, 개개인 노인에게 적합한 영양교육이 이루어질 수 있는 방안이 연구되어야 한다고 생각한다.

Keywords

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