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Effects of Addition of Perilla Leaf Powder and Carcass Grade on the Quality and Palatability of Pork Sausage

깻잎 분말 첨가와 도체등급이 돈육소시지의 품질 및 기호성에 미치는 영향

  • Published : 2003.04.01

Abstract

This study was carried out to clarify the effect of addition of perilla leaf powder (PLP) and carcass grade on the quality and palatability of pork sausage. The chemical composition, pH, calorie, water holding capacity, surface color, textural properties and amino acid composition of the samples were determined, and sensory characteristics were evaluated. Moisture and crude ash were not different among sausage of four type. Crude fat of grade B sausage was higher than that of grade E sausage, and grade B sausage added PLP was higher than grade B sausage without PLP. Crude Protein of grade E sausage was higher than that of grade B sausage. The pH of grade E sausage added PLP was highest, and calorie of grade B sausage without PLP was highest among sausage of four type. Water holding capacity of grade B added and free PLP was significantly higher than grade I sausage. The residual nitrite of sausage added PLP was significantly lower than sausage without PLP. In case of Hunter's $L^{*}$, grade B sausage and free PLP sausage were significantly higher than grade E sausage and sausage added PLP, respectively. In case of Hunter' $a^{*}$, grade E sausage and free PLP sausage were significantly higher than grade B sausage and sausage added PLP. Hunter's $b^{*}$ of sausage added PLP was higher than that of free PLP sausage. Textural properties, hardness, springiness, cohesiveness and chewiness were significantly different among sausage of four type, but gumminess of grade E added PLP was lowest among sausage of four type. Total amino acid was not significantly different among sausage of four type. Sensory color and texture of grade B sausage were superior to grade I sausage, palatability of free PLP sausage was superior.sage was superior.

본 연구는 깻잎 분말의 첨가와 도체 등급이 돈육소시지의 품질 및 기호성에 미치는 영향을 규명하기 위하여 일반성분, pH, 칼로리, 보수력, 아질산 잔류량, 표면색깔, 조직 특성, 아미노산 조성 및 관능적 특성을 실험하였다. 수분 줄 조회분 함량은 소시지들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 조지방은 B등급육 소시지가 E 등급육보다 높았고, 깻잎 분말을 첨가한 B 등급육 소시지가 깻잎 분말을 첨가하지 않은 것보다 낮았다. 그리고 조단백질 함량은 E 등급육 소시지가 B 등급육보다 높았다. 돈육소시지의 pH는 깻잎 분말을 첨가한 E 등급육 소시지가 6.19로 가장 높았으며, 칼로리는 깻잎 분말을 첨가하지 않은 B 등급육 소시지자 2,473 cal/g으로 가장 높았다. 보수력은 깻잎 분말의 첨가와 관계없이 B등급육 소시지가 E 등급육 소시지보다 유의하게 높았다. 아질산 잔류량은 깻잎 분말을 첨가한 돈육소시지가 첨가하지 않은 것보다 낮았다. 돈육소시지의 $L^{*}$ (명도)은 B등급육이 E등급육보다, 깻잎 무첨가구가 깻잎 첨가구보다 높았으며, $a^{*}$ 값(적색도)는 B 등급육보다 E 등급육이, 깻잎 무첨가구가 깻잎 첨가구보다 높았고, $b^{*}$ 값(황색도)은 깻잎 첨가구가 무첨가구보다 높았다. 조직적 특성에서 경도, 탄성, 응집성 및 씹힘성은 소시지들 사이에 유의한 차이가 없었으나, 뭉침성은 깻잎을 첨가한 E등급육 소시지가 644 g으로 가장 낮았다. 그리고 총아미노산 함량은 소시지들 사이 에 유의한 차이가 없었다. 관능적인 색깔 및 조직감은 B 등급육 소시지가 E 등급육 소시지보다 우수하였으나, 향기 및 맛은 등급과 깻잎 분말의 첨가에 영향을 받지 않았고, 전체적인 기호성은 깻잎 무첨가 소시지가 우수하였다.X>9t가 trans 지방산 이성 체중 가장 높은 함량을 보였으며, 냉동피자의 C18:1 $\Delta$9t 함량은 30%를 초과하는 높은 함량을 보였다. 슈크림 빵은 높은 C18:2t 함량을 보였으며(8.26%), 불고기버거와 피쉬버거의 C18:2t trans 지방산 함량은 3.26%와 3.34%로 비슷한 수준이었다. 육가공품 및 튀김류 중 냉동 닭튀김과 냉동 감자튀김의 trans 지방산 함량이 15%~l9%의 수준으로 높았으며, C18:1$\Delta$9t과 C18:2t가 그 주된 성분이었다. 돼지고기구이 (목살)에서는 C18:1$\Delta$9t는 확인되지 않았으며, 냉동감자튀김에서는 C16:1 $\Delta$9t이 검출되지 않았다. 1회 분량 당 trans지방산 함량이 높은 식품은 팝콘, 냉동피자, 감자튀김과 닭튀김, 빵류 등의 순으로 나타났다. 이러한 세 집단을 하나의 제도의 틀로 통합하기 위해서는 국가의 총허용어획량(TAC)을 총 어촌 허용어획량(TAIVCs)과 총 허용 유어 어획량(TARCs) 및 총허용 상업적 어획량 (TACCs)의 세부문으로 나눌 것을 제안한다. 그리하여 다시 TAFVCs와 TARCs, 그리고 TACCs는 어촌별 어획량(ITCQs), 개별 유어 회사별 어획량(IRCQs), 그리고 양도 가능한 개별 상업적 어획량(ITCQs)으로 나누어 관리하도록 한다. 이와 같이 중국의 국가 총허용어획량(TAC)을 IFVQs와 IRCQs, 그리고 ITQCQs의 세부문으로 구분하여 할당하고, 여기에 기초하여 어업을 관리하는 것은 중국에 있어서 사회적 형평성과 경제적 효율성과의 상충관계를 고려하여 고안된 것으로, 중국에 있어서 수산업을 통한 경제적 및 사회적 효과를 동시에 기대할 수 있을 것이다.

Keywords

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