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Increase of Larger-sized Pollen Number by Gametocide and Callus Induction in Anther Culture of Zoysia japonica Steud.

잔디의 약배양에 있어서 살정제 처리에 의한 Larger-sized Pollen의 발생빈도 증가 및 캘러스 유도

  • 조문수 (대구대학교 자연자원대학 원예학과) ;
  • 정의동 (대구대학교 자연자원대학 원예학과) ;
  • 예병쾌 (대구대학교 자연자원대학 원예학과) ;
  • 안병준 (단국대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 최준수 (단국대학교 생명자원과학부)
  • Published : 2003.03.01

Abstract

In this study we investigated the effect of gametocides on the number of larger-sized pollen in anther, and also induced callus from the anther culture of Zoysia japonica Steud. Before culturing, we have observed pollens in anther through fluorescence and electron microscopes to know pollen dimorphism. There were two types of pollens observed. One type (30-36 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter) consisted of vacuolated, larger-sized pollens and the other (15-20 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ in diameter) smaller-sized ones with dense cytoplasm and plenty of amyloplasts. Within few hours, all the smaller-sized pollens were dead, while larger-sized ones were viable for one or two days. To induct larger-sized pollens, various gametocides were leaf-sprayed on three booting stages cultured under 4$0^{\circ}C$ /15$^{\circ}C$ (day/night) before anther culturing. Number of these larger pollens were few (less than 1%) in anther without spraying gametocides. GA$_3$increased the number of larger-sized pollens when applied at mid-booting stage. GA$_3$ with 50 mg/L treatment caused the highest percentage (25.4%) of the larger-sized pollen. Anthers with GA$_3$ treatment were only produced calli on AA medium (modified B$_{5}$+8.0 mg/L 2,4-D +0.2 mg/L kinetin), but callus formation was quite low (less than 1%).).

잔디에 있어서 larger-sized pollen의 발생빈도에 대한 살정제 처리효과 및 캘러스 유기 조건을 조사하기 위하여 실험을 수행하였다. 약 안의 화분을 절취하여 화분의 생존력 및 dimorphism현상을 조사한 결과, 2가지 화분의 형태가 관찰되었다. 하나는 크기에 있어서 상대적으로 크며 (직경 30~36 $\mu\textrm{m}$) 연하게 염색되었고 크기가 작은 다른 화분 (직경 15~20$\mu\textrm{m}$)은 진하게 염색되었으며 amyloplast가 많이 산재해 있는 것으로 나타났다. 잔디의 약에서 배발생화분으로 추정되는 크기가 큰 화분 (larger-sized pollen)은 존재하고 있으나 그 수에 있어서는 약 1% 이하로 극히 적은 것으로 나타났다. 크기가 큰 화분의 발생빈도수를 높이기 위하여 약 4$0^{\circ}C$의 주간과 15$^{\circ}C$이상의 야간 온도 조건에서 재배된 잔디의 mid booting stage에서 GA$_3$50mg/L+0.1 mL/L Tween 20을 충분하게 엽면에 살포하였다. GA$_3$의 경우 mid booting stage에서 50mg/L의 농도로 처리하였을 때 크기가 큰 화분의 빈도가 25.4%로 가장 높게 나타났다. 위의 조건에서 처리된 약에서만 AA기본고체배지+8.0 mg/L 2,4-D+0.2 mg/L kinetin 배지에서 캘러스가 형성되었으나 캘러스 형성률은 약 1.0%로 매우 저조한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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