한국환경농학회지 (Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture)

  • 제22권2호
  • /
  • Pages.111-117
  • /
  • 2003
  • /
  • 1225-3537(pISSN)
  • /
  • 2233-4173(eISSN)
한국환경농학회 (The Korean Society of Environmental Agriculture)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

불포화 사질토양을 이용한 도시하수의 3차 처리

Tertiary Treatment of Municipal Wastewater Using Unsaturated Sandy Soil

  • Kim, Seung-Hyun (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Chung, Jong-Bae (Dept. of Agricultural Chemistry, Daegu University) ;
  • Ha, Hyun-Soo (Dept. of Environmental Engineering, Yeungnam University) ;
  • Prasher, Shiv O. (Agricultural & Biosystems Engg. Dept., McGill University)
  • 발행 : 2003.06.30
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

모래층 토양이 도시하수의 3차 처리에 이용될 경우 COD 제거율은 적용유량에 관계없이 약 70%에 이르는 것을 알 수 있었다. 적용유량이 증가함에 따라 COD제거에 필요한 토양 층의 깊이가 증가하여 50 L/day의 유량에서는 약 60 cm에 달하는 것을 알 수 있었다. 질산화는 매우 빨라서 표층토양 $10{\sim}20\;cm$에서 반응이 거의 완료됨을 알 수 있었다. 총 질소의 제거율은 유량에 상관없이 약 20%로 낮은 편이었으며, 이에 대한 보완책이나 추가적인 연구가 필요한 것으로 판단된다. 잔디를 식재할 경우 오염물의 처리효율에는 영향이 거의 없으나 투수능 유지에는 도움이 되는 것을 알 수 있었으며, 토양에 함유된 유기물로부터 상당한 양의 오염물이 용출되는 것을 알 수 있었다. 탈질과정에서는 아산화질소도 발생하므로 본 연구의 결과를 현장에 적용하기 전에 이에 대한 추가적인 연구도 필요할 것으로 판단된다.

Treatment of secondary effluent was investigated using sandy soil as a possible alternative to the tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater. Secondary effluent was applied with three different flow rates to the surface of pilot scaled lysimeters, which were filled with sandy soil. Some of the lysimeters were covered with osd, while others were kept bare in order to investigate the role of plantation on the treatment. The concentration changes in COD and nitrogen were measured along the unsaturated soil depth. The same set of experiment as with the secondary effluent was performed using tap water to investigate the dissolution of the contaminants from the soil. from the results it was found that when sandy soil was used for tertiary treatment of municipal wastewater COD removal efficiency reached about 70% regardless of the application rate. The soil depth needed to obtain such efficiency increased along with the application rate, which was about 60 cm at the application rate of 50 L/day. Results also showed that nitrification occurred rapidly. The process was completed in soil depth of first $10{\sim}20\;cm$. Nitrogen removal efficiency was as low as about 20% regardless of the application rate. Some supplementary means should be considered to improve the efficiency. Sod on the soil surface had no significant influence on the contaminant treatment but was helpful to keep the infiltration rate undiminished. Finally, the organic soil was found to release significant amount of contaminants when it was in contact with soil water.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 이철희, 박영규, 이순화, 공인철, 김승현 (1998) 낙동강 수질환경 개선 계획 수립을 위한 기초조사 연구, 포항산업 과학연구원
  2. Bal, A. S. and Kulkarni, V. S. (1999) Aerobic conventional treatment technologies, Chem. Eng. World 34, 53-64
  3. Salter, H. E., Boyle, L., Ouki, S. K, Quarmby, J. and Williams, S. C. (1999) The performance of tertiary lagoons in the United Kingdom, Water Res. 33, 3775-3781 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(99)00089-5
  4. Westerhoff, P. and Pinnney, M. (2000) Dissolved organic carbon transformations during laboratory-scale groundwater recharge using lagoon-treated wastewater, Waste Manage. 20, 75-83 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(99)00277-9
  5. Viswanathan, M. N., Senafy, M. N., Rashid, T., AlAwadi, E. and Al-Fahad, K. (1999) Improvement of tertiary wastewater quality by soil aquifer treatment, Water Sci. Technol. 40, 159-163
  6. Spyridakis, D. E. and Welch, (1976) Treabnent processes and environmental impacts of waste effluent disposal, In Sanks, R. L. and Asano, T. (ed.) Land treatment and disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater, Ann Arbor Science, Michigan
  7. Willems, D. G. (1976) Land treatment of wastewaters, institutional and regulatory agency approach, In Sanks, R. L. and Asano, T. (ed.) Land treatment and disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater, Ann Arbor Science, Michigan
  8. Loehr, R. C., Jewell, W. J., Novak, J. D., Clarkson, W. W. and Friedman, G. S. (1979) Land application of wastes, Vol. I, van Nostrand Reinhold Company, New York
  9. Tebbutt, T. H. Y. (1992) Principles of water quality control, 4th ed., Pergamon Press, New York
  10. Gardner, E. A, Morton, D., Sands, J., Matthews, P., Cook, F. J. and Jayawardane, N. S. (2001) The filter system for tertiary treatment of sewage effluent by land application - its performance in a subtropical environment, Water Sci. Technol. 43, 335-342
  11. Makni, H (2001) Disinfection of secondary effluents by infiltration percolation, Water Sci. Technol. 43, 175-178
  12. Amy, G., Wilson, G. G., Conroy, A, Chahbandour, J., Zhai, W. and Siddiqui, M. (1993) Fate of chlorination byproducts and nitrogen species during effluent recharge and soil aquifer treatment, Water Environ. Res. 65, 726-732 https://doi.org/10.2175/WER.65.6.4
  13. Sopper, W. E. (1976) Use of soil-vegetation biosystem for wastewater recycling, In Sanks, R. L. and Asano, T. (ed.) land treatment and disposal of municipal and industrial wastewater, Ann Arbor Science, Michigan
  14. Kanarek, A and Michail, M (1996) Groundwater recharge with municipal effluent: DAN region reclamation project, Israel, Water Sci. Technol. 34, 227-233
  15. Page, A. L. and Chang, A. C. (1985) Fate of wastewater constituents in soil and groundwater: Trace elements, In Pettygrove G. S. and Asano, T. (ed.) Irrigation with reclaimed municipal wastewater - A guidance manual, Lewis Publishers Inc., Boca Raton, New York
  16. Westcot, D. W. and Ayers, R. S. (1985) Irrigation water quality criteria, In Pettygrove G. S. and Asano, T. (ed.) Irrigation with reclaimed municipal wastewater - A guidance manual, Lewis Publishers Inc., Boca Raton, New York
  17. Pettygrove, G. S., Davenport, D. C. and Asano, T. (1985) California's reclaimed municipal wastewater resources, In Pettygrove G. S. and Asano, T. (ed.) Irrigation with reclaimed municipal wastewater -A guidance manual, Lewis Publishers Inc., Boca Raton, New York
  18. Liaghat A. and Prasher, S. O. (1997) Role of soil and grass strips in reducing nitrate-N pollution in subsurface drained farmlands: Lysimeter results, Can. Water Resour. J. 22, 351-361 https://doi.org/10.4296/cwrj2203351
  19. Patel, R. M. (1997) Subirrigation with brackish water, Ph.D. Thesis, Department of Agricultural and Biosysterns Engineering, MacDonald Campus of McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
  20. American Public Health Association (1995) Standard methods for the examination of water and wastewater, 18th ed., American Public Health Association, Washington DC.
  21. Guymon, G. L. (1994) Unsaturated zone hydrology, Prentice-Hall, London
  22. Kim, S. H. and Corapcioglu, M. Y. (1996) A kinetic approach to modeling mobile bacteria facilitated groundwater contaminant transport, Water Resour. Res. 32, 321-331 https://doi.org/10.1029/95WR03242
  23. Kopchynski, T., Fox, P., Alsmadi, B. and Berner, M. (1996) The effects of soil type and effluent pre-treatment on soil aquifer treatment, Water Sci. Technol. 34, 235-242
  24. Kinzelbach, W., Schafer, W. and Herzer, J. (1991) Numerical modeling of natural and enhanced denitrification processes in aquifers, water Resour. Res. 27, 1123-1135 https://doi.org/10.1029/91WR00474
  25. Burford, J. R. and Bremner, J. M. (1975) Relationships between the denitrification capacities of soils and total, water-soluble and readily decomposable soil organic matter, Soil Biol. Biochem. 7, 389-394 https://doi.org/10.1016/0038-0717(75)90055-3
  26. Kim, S. H., Lee, Y. D. and Ro, H. M. (2001) Partitioning of butachlor at air-water interface and transport in unsaturated sandy soils, Environ. Eng. Sci. 18, 115-123 https://doi.org/10.1089/10928750151132339
  27. Ha, H. S., Kim, S. T., Kim, S. H., Chung, J. B., Jeong, B. R., Lee, Y. D., Eum, J. S. and Ji, S. H. (2002) Removal of organic matter and nitrogen from river water in a model system of floodplain filtration, J. Korean Soc. Agric. Chem Biotechnol. 45, 84-91
  28. Broadbent, F. E. and Reisenauer, H. M. (1985) Fate of wastewater constituents in soil and groundwater, In Pettygrove, G. S. and Asano, T. (ed.) Irrigation with reclaimed municipal wastewater - A guidance manual, Lewis Publisher Inc., Boca Raton, New York
  29. Wilson, L. G., Amy, G. L., Gerba, C. P., Gordon, H, Johnson, B. andMiller, J. (1995) Water quality changes during soil aquifer treatment of tertiary effluent, Water Environ. Res, 67, 371-376 https://doi.org/10.2175/106143095X131600
  30. Jacinthe, P. A., Dick, W. A. and Brown, L. C. (2000) Bioremediation of nitrate-contaminated shallow soils and waters via water table management techniques: evolution and release of nitrous oxide, Soil Biol. Biochem. 32, 371-382 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0038-0717(99)00163-7
  31. Van Oorschot, M. van Gaalen, N., Maltby, E., Mockler, N., Spink, A and Verhoeven, T. A. (2000) Experimental manipulation of water levels in two French riverine grassland soils, Acta Oecol. 21, 49-62 https://doi.org/10.1016/S1146-609X(00)00116-8

피인용 문헌

  1. A Proposition for the Removal of Algae and Phosphorus from River Water Using Multi-Purpose filtration pond vol.35, pp.7, 2013, https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2013.35.7.525