Abstract
Natural convection of a magnetic fluid is different from that of Newtonian fluids because a magnetic body force exists in an addition to gravity and buoyancy forces. In this paper, the natural convection of a magnetic fluids (W-40) in a rectangular enclosure is investigated by numerical and experimental methods. One side wall is kept at a constant temperature ($25^{\circ}C$), and the opposite side wall is also kept at a constant temperature ($20^{\circ}C$), Under above conditions, the magnitude of the magnetic fields were varied and applied. GSMAC scheme is used for the numerical method, and the thermo-sensitive liquid crystal film (R20C5A) is utilized in order to visualize wall-temperature distributions as an experimental verification. This study has resulted in the following fact that the natural convection of a magnetic fluid is controlled by the direction and intensity of the magnetic fields.
