Korean Journal of Veterinary Research (대한수의학회지)

The Korean Society of Veterinary Science (대한수의학회)
권호 표지

Induction of micronuclei in human, rabbit and dog lymphocytes irradiated in vitro with gamma radiation

사람, 토끼 및 개 유래 말초혈액 림프구의 미소핵을 이용한 방사선 피폭의 생물학적 선량측정

  • Ryu, Si-yun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kang, Bit-na (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Ho-jun (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Tae-hwan (Korea Cancer Center Hospital) ;
  • Jeong, Kyu-sik (College of Veterinary Medicine, Kyungpook National University) ;
  • Kim, Se-ra (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Hae-june (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • Kim, Sung-ho (College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University) ;
  • An, Mi-Young (College of Veterinary Medicine, Texas A&M University)
  • Accepted : 2002.02.27
  • Published : 2002.03.25
Download PDF
⟨ Previous Next ⟩

Abstract

The frequencies of gamma-ray-induced micronuclei (MN) in cytokinesis-blocked (CB) lymphocytes at several doses were measured in three donors of three species (human, rabbit, dog). Measurements performed after irradiation showed a dose-related increases in MN frequency in each of the donors studied. When analysed by linear-quadratic model the line of best fit was : human : $y=0.1184D+0.01867D^2+0.01$, rabbit : $y=0.0387D+0.00528D^2+0.01$ (y = number of MN/CB cells and D = irradiation dose in Gy). The relative sensitivity of rabbit lymphocytes compared with human lymphocytes was estimated by best fitting linear-quadratic model based on the radiation-induced MN data over the range from 0 Gy to 4 Gy. In the case of MN frequency with 0.2, the relative sensitivities of rabbit lymphocytes was 0.39. These data indicate that the induction of MN in rabbit CB cells following irradiation was much less sensitive to the MN induction effects of gamma-irradiation than those from human. The MN assay with dog lymphocytes was very difficult and time-consumed because the dog PHA-stimulated lymphocytes yielded cultures with very low level of CB cells formation in the condition of this experiment. Our in vitro radiobiological study confirmed that the cytogenetic response obtained in blood from rabbit can be utilized for application in environmental studies.

Keywords

References

  1. IAEA safety series No. 47 : Manual on early medical treatment of possible radiation injury. IAEA. Vienna:74, 1978
  2. NCRP report No. 65 : Management of persons accidentally contaminated with radionuclides. 77, 1980
  3. Stenphan G, Hadnagy W, Hammermaier C, et al. Biologically and physiologically recorded doses after an accidental exposure to $^6^0Co$ gamma-rays. Health Phys, 44:409-411, 1983
  4. M$\ddot{u}$ller W-U, Streffer C. Biological indicators for radiation damage. Int J Radiat Biol, 59:863-873, 1991
  5. Lloyd DC. An overview of radiation dosimetry by conventional cytogenetic method, In Eisert WG, Mendelsohn ML, ed Biological Dosemetry, Sprinr-Verlag, Berlin, Heidleberg, New York, Tokyo : 3-13, 1984
  6. UNSCEAR, Report : Sources and effects of ionizing radiation, Annex G, Early effects in man of high doses of radiation, chapter Ⅲ : prognotic indicators and biologica dosimetry (United Nations, New York), 583-612, 1988
  7. Kim SH, Cho CK, Kim TH, et al. Relationships between radiation-induced prostaglandin E2 and natural killer cell activity in mice. Korean J Vet Res, 27:185-189, 1987
  8. Pantelias GE, maillie HD. The use of peripheral blood mononuclear cell prematurely condensed chromosomes for biological dosimetry. Radiat Res, 99:140-150, 1984
  9. Fieldner TM, Nothdurft W, Steinbach KH. Blood cell changes aftyer radiation exposure as an indicator for hemopoietic stem cell function. Bone Marrow Trans,3:77-84, 1988
  10. Neel JV, Schull WJ, Awa AA, et al. The genetic effects of the atomic bombs: probloms in extrapolating from somatic cell findings to risk for children, InBaverstock KF, Stather JW, ed Low dose radiation : Biological bases of risk assessment, Taylor & Francis, London:42-53, 1989
  11. Potten CS, Geng L, Taylor P. Hair medullary cell counts : a simple and sensitive indicator of radiation exposure. Int J radiat Biol, 57:13-21, 1990
  12. IAEA. Biological dosimetry with particular reference to chromosome aberration analysis. A review of methods. Vienna : IAEA-SM-199/4, 1969
  13. IAEA, Biological dosimetry : chromosomal aberration analysis for dose assessment, Technical report 260. IAEA publications, Vienna: 1986
  14. Guskova AK, Barabanova AV, Baranov AY, et al. Acute radiation effects in victims of the Chernobyl nuclear power plant accident. UNSCEAR Report,613-631, 1988
  15. Ramalho AJ, Nascimento ACH, Natorajan AT. Dose assesments by cytogenetic analysis in the Goiania (Brasil) radiation accident. Radiat Protect Dosimetry,25:97-100, 1988
  16. Brewen JG, Preston RJ, Littlefield LG. Radiationinduced human chromosome aberration yields following an accidental whole-body exposure to $^6^0Co$ gammarays. Radiat Res, 49:647-656, 1972
  17. Almassy Z, Krepinsky AB, Bianci A, et al. The present state and perspectives of micronucleus assay in radiation protection. A review. Appl Radiat Isot, 38:241-249, 1987
  18. Ramalho A, Sunjevaric I, Natarajan AT. Use of frequencies of micronuclei as quantitative indicators of X-ray-induced chromosome aberrations in human peripheral blood lymphocytes: comparison of two methods. Mutat Res, 207:141- 146, 1988
  19. He JL, Jin HY, Jin LF, et al. Monitoring of human exposure to radiation with the binucleated lymphocyte micronucleus assay. Biomed Environ Sci. 13:32-36,2000
  20. Thierens H, Vral A, Morthier R, et al. Cytogenetic monitoring of hospital workers occupationally exposed to ionizing radiation using the micronucleus centromereassay. Mutagenesis, 15:245-249, 2000
  21. Kim SH, Cho CK, Kim TH, et al. Frequency of micronuclei in lymphocytes following gamma and fastneutron irradiations. Anticancer Res. 13:1587-1592, 1993
  22. Scott D, Lyons CY, Homogeneous sensitivity of human peripheral blood lymphocytes to radiation-induced chromosome damage. Nature. 278:756-758, 1979
  23. Klingermem AD, Halperin EC, Erexson GL, et al. The persistence of lymphocytes with dicentric chromosomes following whole-body X irradiation of mice. Radiat Res, 124:22-27, 1990
  24. 김성호, 김태환, 정인용, 조철구, 고경환, 류성렬, KCCH cyclotron neutron 및 $^6^0Co$$\gamma$-ray에 의한 인체말초혈액 임파구의 염색체 이상 측정. 방사선방어학회지, 17:21-30, 1992
  25. Geng L, Potten CS. Changes after irradiation in the number of mitotic cells and apoptotic fragments in growing mouse hair follicles and in the width of theirhairs. Radiat Res, 123:75-81, 1990
  26. Kim TH, Kim SH, Kim JH, et al. Measurement of apoptotic fragments in growing hair follicles following r-ray irradiation in mice. Anticancer Res, 16:189-192,1996
  27. Littlefield LG, Joiner EE, Colyer SP, et al. Modulation of radiation-induced chromosome aberrations by DMSO, an OH radical scavenger, 1. Dose-response studies in human lymphocytes exposed to 220 kV X-rays. Int JRadiat Biol, 53:875-890, 1988
  28. Thomson EJ. Perry PE. The identification of micronucleated chromosomes: a possible assay for aneuploid, Mutagenesis, 3:415-418, 1988
  29. Leonard A. Cytogenetic effects of ionizing radiations in somatic cells from experimental mammals and extrapolation to man, In Ishihara T, Sasaki M, ed, Radiationinduced chromosome damage in man, Alan R Liss Inc, New York:561-583, 1983
  30. Fabry L, Leonard A. A new approach in the study of the differential radiosensitivity of mammalian chromosomes. Radiat Res, 80:354-359, 1979
  31. Leonard A, Decat G. Relation between cell cycle and yield of aberrations observed in irradiated human lymphocytes. Can J Genet Cytol, 21:473-8, 1979
  32. Savage JRK. Acentric chromosomal fragments and micronuclei: the displacement factor, Mutat Res, 225:171-173, 1989
  33. Tamura H, Sakurai M, Sugahara T. Chromosome aberrations of the peripheral lymphocytes in rabbits exposed to single and fractionated whole-body Xirradiations. J Radiat Res, 19:108-114, 1978