Long-term Changes of the Fish Fauna and Community Structure in the Jungrang Creek, Seoul, Korea

중량천의 어류상과 어류군집 구조의 장기 변동

  • Kim, Gyeo-Bung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment) ;
  • Kil, Hye-Kyung (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment) ;
  • Yu, Byung-Tae (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment) ;
  • Kim, Min-Young (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment) ;
  • Bae, Kyung-Seok (Seoul Metropolitan Government Research Institute of Public Health & Environment)
  • 김교붕 (서울특별시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 길혜경 (서울특별시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 유병태 (서울특별시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 김민영 (서울특별시 보건환경연구원) ;
  • 배경석 (서울특별시 보건환경연구원)
  • Published : 2002.06.29

Abstract

Long-term changes of the fish fauna and its community structure from the Jungrang Creek of the Han River system in Seoul were investigeted from 1990 to 2000. Total species occurred during the survey period were 14 species in 6 families, and total individual number was 108,366. Fishes at the Jungrang Creek had not been distributed in the 1980s and 1990 because of heavy water pollution as well as environmental damage in the riparian areas. However, Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus in cyprinidae were rehabitated since the early 1990s when the water quality was improved because of foundation of sewage division pipe. Species nombers gradually increased to 6 species in 1996, 9 species in 1998, and 11 species in 2000. Individual numbers rapidly increased to 164 individuals in 1996, 146 individuals in 1998, and 108,094 individuals in 2000. A large number of Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus, which are abundantly distributed in the main course of the Han River, were found when they migrate to the upper reaches of the Jungrang Creek for spawning. Mass fish floatings were occurred on the 21st of April and the 11th of June in 2000 due to DO depletion at the lower site (Site 4) of discharging point of Jungrang sewage treatment plant and stagnant spot(Site 3) of dammed pool. Major dominant species were Cyprinus carpio and Carassius auratus (Cyprinidae). Others dominant species were Pseudorasbora lab대 (Cyprinidae) and Silurus asotus (Siluridae). Dominance indices were relatively high (0.79 to 1.00). Species diversity andrichness indices were relatively low (0 to 1.66and 0 to 1.41, respectively). Species diversity and richness indices were slightly higher at the middle reaches (Site 2 and Site 3) than the upper reaches and the mouth of the Jungrang Creek. However, the fish fauna of the Jungrang Creek was very poor and its community structure was very simple.

서울을 지나는 한강 하류수계의 중랑천 어류상과 어류 군집의 현황 및 변동을 1990년부터 2000년까지 조사하였다. 출현하는 어류의 총 종수는 6과 14종이었으며, 총 개체수는 108,366개체였다. 중랑천은 1980년대와 1990년까지는 수질의 악화와 하천변 환경 훼손으로 물고기가 서식하지 못했으나 1990년대 초반 이후 유역 수질개선정책으로 수질이 다소 회복됨에 따라 오염 내성종인 잉어 및 붕어 등이 처음으로 출현하였다. 그후 1996년 6종, 1998년 9종, 2000년 11종으로 어류의 다양성이 점차 증가하는 추세였다. 어류의 개체수현존량은 1996년 164개체, 1998년 146개체, 2000년108,094개체로 3998년 이전에는 계절별로 변동이 적었으나 2000년도의 봄철과 이른 여름철의 산란기에는 중랑하수처리장 방류수가 유입되는 지점의 하류수역과 수중보에 의해 형성된 정체수역에서 105,225개체와 2,754개체가 조사되었다. 특히, 한강 하류에 풍부하게 서식하고 있는 잉어 및 붕어가 산란기에 중랑천으로 이동하는 과정에서 많은 개체수가 조사되었다. 2000년 4월 21일과 6월 11에는 중랑천 하수처리장 방류구 하류지점과 수중보내의 정체구역에서 용존산소가 고갈되어 많은 물고기가 수면으로 부상하는 사고가 발생하였다. 중랑천의 주요 우점종은 붕어와 잉어이며, 우점도지수는 0.79${\sim}$l.00으로 매우 높았다. 종다양도지수와 종풍부도지수는 0${\sim}$과 0${\sim}$1.41로 매우 낮았으며, 중류지역에서 이들 지수가 다소 높게 나타났다. 그러나, 아직까지 중랑천의 어류상은 매우 빈약하며, 군집구조도 단순한 것으로 나타났다.

Keywords

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