The Application of Quantum Yield of Nitrate Uptake to Estimate New Production in Well-Mixed Waters of the Yellow Sea: A Preliminary Result

  • Park, Myung-Gil (Red Tide Research Center, Kunsan National University) ;
  • Shim, Jae-Hyung (School of Earth and Environmental Science and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University) ;
  • Yang, Sung-Ryull (School of Earth and Environmental Science and Research Institute of Oceanography, Seoul National University)
  • Published : 2002.03.01

Abstract

New production (NP) values in well-mixed waters of the Yellow Sea were estimated using two different methods and were compared with each other; one is from the quantum yield model of nitrate uptake and chlorophyll ${\alpha}$-specific light absorption coefficient, and the other is from a traditional $^{15}N$-labelled stable isotope uptake technique. The quantum yields of nitrate uptake were highly variable, ranging from 0.0001 to 0.04 mol $NO_3Ein^{-1}$, and the small values in this study might have resulted from either the partitioning into nitrate uptake of little portions of light energy absorbed by phytoplankton or that phytoplankton may predominantly utilize other N sources (E. G. ammonium and/or urea) than nitrate. The estimates (0.54-8.47 nM $h^{-1}$) of NP from the quantum yield model correlated well ($r^2$=0.67, p<0.1) with those (0.01-4.93 nM $h^{-1}$) obtained using the $^{15}NO_3$ uptake technique. To improve the ability of estimating NP values using this model in the Yellow Sea, more data need to be accumulated in the future over a variety of time and space scales.

Keywords

References

  1. Behrenfeld, M.J. and P.G. Falkowski, 1997. Photosynthetic ratesderived from satellite-based chlorophyll concentration. Lim-nol. Oceanogr., 42: 1-20 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1997.42.1.0001
  2. Bidigare, R.R., B.B. Prezelin and R.C. Smith, 1992. Bio-opticalmodels and the problems of scaling, In: Primary productivityand biogeochemical cycles in the sea, edited by Falkowski,P.G. and A.D. Woodhead, Plenum Press, New York, PP. 175-212
  3. Bricaud, A., M. Babin, A. Morel and H. Claustre, 1995. Variabil-ity in the chlorophyll-specific absorption coefficients of natu-ral phytoplankton: Analysis and parameterization J. Geophys Res., 100: 13321-13332 https://doi.org/10.1029/95JC00463
  4. Cochlan, W.P., P.J. Harrison and K.L. Denman, 1991a. Diel peri-odicity of nitrogen uptake by marine phytoplankton in nitrate-rich environments. Limnol. Oceanogr. 36: 1689-1700 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1991.36.8.1689
  5. Cochlan, W.P., N.M. Price and P.J. Harrison, 1991b. Effects ofirradiance on nitrogen uptake by phytoplankton: Comparisonof frontal and stratified communities. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser.,69:103-116 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps069103
  6. Dortch, Q., 1990. The interaction between ammonium and nitrateuptake in phytoplankton. Mar. Ecol. Prog. Ser., 61: 183-201 https://doi.org/10.3354/meps061183
  7. Dugdale, R.C. and J.J. Goering, 1967. Uptake of new and regener-ated forms of nitrogen in primary productivity. Limnol.Oceanogr., 12: 196-206 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1967.12.2.0196
  8. Dugdale, R.C., A. Morel, A. Bricaud and F.P. Wilkerson, 1989.Modeling new production in upwelling centers: A case studyof modeling new production from remotely sensed tempera-ture and color. J. Geophys. Res., 94: 18119-18132 https://doi.org/10.1029/JC094iC12p18119
  9. Dugdale, R.C. and F.P. Wilkerson, 1986. The use of15 UN to mea-sure nitrogen uptake in eutrophic oceans; experimental con-siderations. Limnol. Oceanogr., 31: 673-689 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1986.31.4.0673
  10. Eppley, R.W., 1980. Estimating phytoplankton growth rates in thecentral oligotrophic oceans, In: Primary productivity in the sea, edited by Falkowski, P.G., Plenum Press, New York, pp.231-242
  11. Eppley, R.W., 1989. New production: history, methods, Problems.In: Productivity of the ocean: present and past, edited by Berger, W.H., V.S. Smetacek and G. Wefer, John Wiley &Sons, New York, PP. 85-97
  12. Eppley, R.W. and B.J. Peterson, 1979. Particulate organic matterflux and planktonic new production in the deep ocean.Nature, 279: 210-215 https://doi.org/10.1038/282677a0
  13. Eppley, R.W., J.H. Sharp, E.H. Renger, M.J. Peny and W.G. Har-rison, 1977. Nitrogen assimilation by phytoplankton andother microorganisms in the surface waters of the centralNorth Pacific Ocean.Mar. Biol., 39: 111-120 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00386996
  14. Falkowski, P.G. and Z. Kolber, 1993. Estimation of phytoplankton photosynthesis by active fluorescence. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp.,197:92-10 https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1009900124650
  15. Falkowski, P.G. and J.A. Raven, 1997. Aquatic photosynthesis.Blackwell Science, Oxford, PP. 375
  16. Fisher, T.R., P.R. Carlson and R.T. Barber, 1982. Carbon andnitrogen primary productivity in three North Carolina estuar-ies. Estuar. Coast. Shelf Sci., 15: 621-644 https://doi.org/10.1016/0272-7714(82)90076-2
  17. Harrison, W.G., T. Platt and M.R. Lewis, 1987. f-Ratio and itsrelationship to ambient nitrate concentration in coastalwaters. J. Plankton Res., 9: 235-248 https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/9.1.235
  18. Healey, F.P., 1980. Slope of the Monod equation as an indicator ofadvantage in nutrient competition. Microb. Ecol., 5: 281-286 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02020335
  19. Home, E.P.W., J.W. Loder, W.G. Harrison, R. Mohn, M.R. Lewis,B. Irwin and T. Platt, 1989. Nitrate supply and demand at theGeorges Bank tidal front. Scient. Mar., 53: 145-158
  20. Kanda, J., D.A. Ziemann, L.D. Conquest and P.K. Bienfang, 1989 Light-dependency of nitrate uptake by phytoplankton over thespring bloom in Auke Bay, Alaska.Mar. Biol., 103: 563-569 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00399589
  21. Kiefer, D.A., W.S. Chamberlin and C.R. Booth, 1989. Natural flu-orescence of chlorophyll a: Relationship to photosynthesisand chlorophyll concentration in the western South Pacificgyre. Limnol. Oceanogr., 34: 868-881 https://doi.org/10.4319/lo.1989.34.5.0868
  22. Kiefer, D.A. and R.A. Reynolds, 1992. Advances in understand-ing phytoplankton fluorescence and photosynthesis, In: Pri-mary productivity and biogeochemical cycles in the sea,edited by Falkowski, P.G. and A.D. Woodhead, Plenum Press,NewYork,PP. 155-174
  23. Kudela, R.M. and F.P. Chavez, 1997. Estimating new productionfrom the quantum yield of nitrate uptake. SPIE Ocean OpticsXIII, 2963: 471-476 https://doi.org/10.1117/12.266487
  24. Kudela, R.M., W.P. Cochlan and R.C. Dugdale, 1997. Carbon andnitrogen uptake response to light by phytoplankton during anupwelling event. J. Plankton Res., 19: 609-630 https://doi.org/10.1093/plankt/19.5.609
  25. Kudela, R.M. and R.C. Dugdale, 1996. Estimation of new produc-tion from remotely-sensed data in a coastal upwelling regime.Adv. Space Res., 18: 791-797 https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-1177(95)00952-3
  26. Lee, Z.P., K.L. Carder, J. Marra, R.G. Steward and M.J. Perry,1996. Estimating primary production at depth from remotesensing. Appl. Opt., 35: 463-474 https://doi.org/10.1364/AO.35.000463
  27. Maclsaac, J.J. and R.C. Dugdale, 1972. Interactions of light and inorganic nitrogen in controlling nitrogen uptake in the sea. Deep-Sea Res., 19: 209-232
  28. Morel, A. and J.M. Andre, 1991. Pigment distribution and pri-mary production in the Western Mediterranean as derived and modeled from Coastal Color Zone Scanner observations. J.Geophys. Res., 96: 12685-12698 https://doi.org/10.1029/91JC00788
  29. Morin, P. M.V.M. Wafar and P. Le Corre, 1993. Estimation ofnitrate flux in a tidal front from satellite-derived temperaturedata. J. Geophys. Res., 98: 4689-4695 https://doi.org/10.1029/92JC02445
  30. Owens, N.J.P., 1988. Rapid and total automation of shipboard15Nanalysis: examples from the North Sea. J. Exp. Mar. Biol.Ecol., 122: 163-171 https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-0981(88)90182-7
  31. Park, M.G., 1999. New and regenerated production in the YellowSea: their environmental control and the estimation of newproduction by bio-optical methods. PhD thesis, Seoul NationalUniversity, PP. 195
  32. Park, M.G. J.H. Shim, S.R. Yang, S. Lee and B.C. Cho, 1997. Diel cycles of nitrogen uptake by marine phytoplankton in NO3high and -low environments. J. Korean Soc. Oceanography,32:191-201
  33. Parsons, T.R., Y. Maita and C.M. Lalli, 1984. A manual of chemi-cal and biological methods for seawater analysis. Pergamon
  34. Platt, T., P. Jauhari and S. Sathyendranath, 1992. The importanceand measurement of new production, In: Primary productivityand biogeochemical cycles in the sea, edited by Falkowski,P.G. and A.D. Woodhead, Plenum Press, New York, PP. 273-284
  35. Platt, T. and S. Sathyendranath, 1988. Oceanic primary produc-tion: Estimation by remote sensing at local and regionalscales. Science, 241: 1613-1620 https://doi.org/10.1126/science.241.4873.1613
  36. Sakshaug, E., 1993. The relationship between phytoplanktongrowth rate and production with emphasis on respiration andexcretion. ICES Mar. Sci. Symp., 197: 63-68
  37. Sathyendranath, S., T. Platt, C.M. Caverhill, R.E. Warnock andM.R. Lewis, 1989. Remote sensing of oceanic primary pro-duction: computations using a spectral model. Deep-Sea Res.,36:431-453 https://doi.org/10.1016/0198-0149(89)90046-0
  38. Sathyendranath, S., T. Platt, E.P.W. Home, W.G. Harrison, O.Ulloa, R. Outerbridge and N. Hoepffner, 1991. Estimation ofnew production in the ocean by compound remote sensing. Nature, 353: 129-133 https://doi.org/10.1038/353129a010.1038/353129a0
  39. Syrett, P.J., 1981. Nitrogen metabolism of microalgae. In: Physio-logical bases of phytoplankton ecology, edited by Platt, T,Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci., 210: 182-210