References
- Blaxter , K. L., R. N. B. Kay, G. A. M. Sharman, J. M. M. Cunningham and W. J. Hamilton. 1976. Farming the red deer. David J. Clark Limited. Glasgow, Scotland
- Diverio, S., P. J. Goddard, I. J. Gordon and A. Elstom. 1993. The effect of management practices on stress in farmed red deer(Cervus elaphus) and its modulation by long-action neuroleptics: behavioural response. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 36: 363-376 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(93)90133-A
- Ehle, F. R. 1984. Influence of feed particle density on particulate passage from rumen of Holstin cow. J. Dairy Sci. 67: 2910-2913 https://doi.org/10.3168/jds.S0022-0302(84)81654-9
- Gordon, J. G. 1958. The act of rumination. J. Agric. Sci. 50: 34-42 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0021859600029841
- Harumoto, T. and M. Kato. 1974. Variability of the ruminating behavior in cows fed a constant amount of hay. Bull. Faculty of Agric. Shimane Univ. 8: 15-21
- Harumoto, T. and M. Kato, 1979. Effect of different amounts of hay intake on the ruminating behavior in sheep. Jap. J. Zootech. Sci. 50(3): 155-160
- Hofmann, R. R. 1988. Anatomy of gastro-intestinal tract. In: D. c. Church(Editor), The Ruminant Animal Digestive Physiology and Nutrition. Prentice-Hall, NJ, pp.14-43
- Jeon, B. T. 1983. Study on the forage intake behavior in animal, especially ruminating behavior. PhD thesis, Tohoku University
- Jeon B. T. and C. W. Kim. 1992. Study to develop intensive feeding and management technique for wild animal. Report of research result, Anim. Reso. Res. Cent. Konkuk Univ. pp. 417-430
- Jeon, B. T., C. W. Kim, K. H. Kim and W. S. Kwak. 1993. Relationship between heart rate and behavior in sika deer. Report of research result, Anim. Reso. Res. Cent. Konkuk Univ. pp. 571-578
- Jeon, B. T., C. W. Kim, K. H. Kim, S.M. Lee and W.S. Kwak. 1994. Comparative study of roughage value between oak leaves and rye silages in sika deer. Report of research result, Anim. Reso. Res. Cent. Konkuk Univ. pp. 547-558
- Jeon, B. T., K. H. Kim, U. S, Kim, S. M. Lee and C. W. Kim. 1995. Deer farm survey on feed and feeding system in Chung-buk province. Kor. J. Anim. Nutr. Feed. 19: 235-241
- Jeon, B. T., I. H. Park, S. M. Lee, S. H. Moon, K. H. Kim, J. S. Kim, J. C. Son, 1997. The effect of different fiber source on chewing behavior of Korean Native Cattle. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 39: 383-390
- KADF. 1988. Korean Deer Farming. Korean Association of Deer Farming
- Kim, K. H., H. J. Shin, S. M. Lee, B. T. Jeon and C. W. Kim. 1995. Seasonal differences of feed digestibility and particulate passage rate in gastro-intestinal tract of sika deer. Korean J. Anim. Sci.37: 371-378
- Kim, K. H., B. T. Jeon, Y. C. Kim, B. H. Kyung and C.W. Kim. 1996. A comparison of oak browse(Quercus spp.) and silages of rye and maize with respect to voluntary intake , digestibility, nitrogen balance and rumination time in penned Korean sika deer. Amim. Feed Sci. Tech. 61: 351-359 https://doi.org/10.1016/0377-8401(95)00932-9
- Kwack, C. H., D. J. Kang and B. H.Ahn. 1991. Survey on the feeding situation of deer in the southern district of Korea. Korea J. Anim. Sci. 33: 613-623
- Kwak, W. S., K. H. Kim, C. W. Kim, B. T. Jeon and S. M. Lee. 1994. Deer farming in Korea: On farm survey in Kyung-kee and Chung-buk provinces. Asian-Austra. J. Anim. Sci. 7(3): 347-355
- Lee, J. H., I. D. Lee and H. S. Lee. 1990a. Studies on the utilization of browse by the sika deer. I. Food habits of the sika deer. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 32: 100-108
- Lee, J. H., I. D. Lee and H. S. Lee. 1990b. Studies on the utilization of browse by the sika deer. II. Chemical composition, digestibility and dry matter yield of browse. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 32: 109-118
- Moon, S. H., O. Enishi and H. Hirota. 1994. Effect if supplementary concentrate on eating and rumination behaviour in goats fed rye(Secale cereale L.) silage. Japanese J. Anim. Sci. and Tech. 65(6): 532-537
- Moon. S. H., B. T. Jeon and H. Hirota. 1995. Eating and rumination behaviour in goats receiving rye hay with unchopped or chopped forms harvested at two stages of growth. Korean J. Anim. Sci. 37(2): 136-144
- Okamoto, M. 1979. Studies on the ruminating behavior and the digestive physiological significance of rumination . Bullt. Hokaido Agric. Exper. Stat. 30: 1-72
- Pearce, G. R. 1965. Rumination in sheep. II. The circadian pattern of rumination. Aust. J. Agric. Res. 16: 634-648
- Pollard, J. C., R. P. Littlejoin and J. M. Suttie. 1993. Effects of isolation and mixing of social groups on heart rate and behaviour of deer stages. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 38: 311-322 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(93)90029-O
- Pollard, J. C. and R. P. Littlejoin. 1995. Effects of social isolation and restraint on heart rate and behaviour of alpacas. Applied Animal Behaviour Science. 45: 165-174 https://doi.org/10.1016/0168-1591(95)00588-J
- Renecker, L. A., C. B. Bluth and C. C. Gates. 1988. Game production in western Canada. In wildlife production system(R. J. Hudson, K. R. Drew and L. M. Baskin). pp. 248-267
- Reinken, G., W. Hartfiel and E. Korner. 1990. Deer farming: A practical guide to German techniques. Farming Press Books, Ipswich, UK
- Teller, E., M. Vanbelle, P. Kamatali and J. Wavreille. 1989. Intake of direct cut wilted grasss silage as related to chewing behaviour, ruminal characteristics and site and extent of digestion by heifers. J. Anim. Sci. 67: 2802-2809 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1989.67102802x
- Welch, J. G. and A. M. Smith. 1969. Influence of forage quality on rumination time in sheep. J. Anim.Sci. 28:813-818 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1969.286813x
- Welch, J. G. and A. M. Smith. 1978. Particle sizes passed from rumen. J. Anim. Sci. 46: 309-312 https://doi.org/10.2527/jas1978.461309x
- Wilson, J. R., D. E. Akin, M. N. McLeod and D. J. Minson. 1989. Particle size reduction of the leaves of a tropical and a temperate grass by cattle. Ⅱ. Relation of anatomical structure to the process of leaf breakdown through chewing and digestion . Grass and Forage Science. 44: 65-75 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2494.1989.tb01911.x