The Plant Pathology Journal

한국식물병리학회 (The Korean Society of Plant Pathology)
권호 표지
DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

Occurrence of Mycotoxins and Toxigenic Fungi in Groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) Seeds in Andhra Pradesh, India

  • Kishore, G.Krishna (Department of Plant Sciences, University of Hyderabad) ;
  • Pande, S. (Pathology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT)) ;
  • Manjula, K. (Center for Cellular and Molecular Biology) ;
  • Rao, J.Narayana (Pathology, International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics(ICRISAT)) ;
  • Thomas, D. (Natural Resource Institute, Chatham Maritime)
  • 발행 : 2002.08.01
PDF 다운로드
⟨ 이전 논문 다음 논문 ⟩

초록

Andhra Pradesh is one of the major groundnut growing states in India. A total of 182 groundnut samples collected at harvesting from farmers fields in five districts, namely; Anantapur, Chittoor, Cuddapah, Kurnool, and Mahaboobnagar, during 1999 and 2000 rainy seasons were evaluated for the presence of mycotoxins (both aflatoxins and zearalenone) and toxigenic fungi. In samples collected from each district, average seed infection by Aspergillus flavus and Fusarium spp. was 11.9-18.3% and 5.6-12.8% in 1999, and 9.5-14.1% and 9.4-11.9% in 2000, respectively. Among the samples collected, 20.3% and 16.5% were contaminated with aflatoxin in 1999 and 2000, respectively, and in 11.4% and 8.7% of the seed samples collected in two seasons, the aflatoxin content was >30 $\mu\textrm{g}$/kg. An alarming aflatoxin content of 851.9$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg was found in samples collected from Anantapur district during the rainy season in 1999. Zearalenone was not detected in any of the samples collected in 1999, while 2 out of 103 samples collected in 2000 were contaminated with 35.1 and 129.4$\mu\textrm{g}$/kg. Under in vitro cultural conditions, 35.8% of the 173 A. flavus isolates collected from the groundnut samples produced aflatoxins at concentrations of 94.3-1598.6 ng/$\textrm{m}{\ell}$ and 3% of the 266 Fusarium spp. isolates produced 98.1-847.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$/g of zearalenone. The results emphasize the need for a more systematic and regular monitoring of pre-harvest aflatoxin contamination.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Anonymous, 1967. Annual report, 1966-67. Regional Research Laboratory, Hyderabad, India
  2. Anonymous, 1975. Official methods of analysis. 12$^{th}$ ed. Sects. 26.020-26.023, 467 p. Assoc. Off. Anal. Chem., Horwitz, W. Washington, D.C., USA
  3. Anonymous, 1998. Economic Intelligence Service. Agriculture. September 1998. 151p
  4. Bhat, R. V., Vasanthi, S., Rao, B. S., Rao, R. N., Rao, V. S., Naga-raja, K. V., Rai, R. G., Prasad, C. A. K., Vanchinathan, S., Rajat, R., Subrata, S., Mukherjee, A., Ghosh, P. K., Tojeta, G. S., Saxena, B. N., Roy, R. and Saha, S. 1996. Aflatoxin B, contamination in groundnut samples collected from different geographical regions of India: a multicentre study. Food Addit. Contam. 13:325-331 https://doi.org/10.1080/02652039609374415
  5. Campbell, T. C. and Stoloff, L. 1974. Implications of mycotoxins for human health. J. Agric. Food Chem. 22:1006-1015 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60196a016
  6. Diener, U. L. and Davis, N. D. 1966. Aflatoxin production by iso-lates of Aspergillus flavus. Phytopathology 56:1390-1393
  7. Goodman, K. T, Scott, P. M. and Watanabe, H. 1987. Risk assess-ment of the mycotoxin zearalenone. Regul. Toxicol. Pharma-col. 7:253-306 https://doi.org/10.1016/0273-2300(87)90037-7
  8. Hill, R. A., Blankenship, P. D., Cole, R. J. and Sanders, T. H. 1983. Effect of soil moisture and temperature on preharvest invasion of peanuts by Aspergillus flavus group and subse-quent aflatoxin development. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 45:628-633
  9. Joffe, A. Z. 1969. Aflatoxin produced by 1,626 isolates of Aspergillus flavus from groundnut kernels and soil in Israel. Nature 221:492 https://doi.org/10.1038/221492a0
  10. Joffe, A. Z. 1970. The presence of aflatoxin in kemels from five year groundnut crops and Aspergillus isolates from the kernels and soils. Plant Soil 33:91-96 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF01378200
  11. Keenan, J. I. and Savage, G. P. 1994. Mycotoxins in groundnuts, with special reference to aflatoxin. In: The Groundnut Crop: A Scientific Basis for Improvement, ed. by J. Smartt, PP, -509-551. Chapman & Hall, London
  12. Kim, J. C., Kang, H. J., Lee, D. H., Lee, Y. W. and Yoshizawa, T. 1993. Natural occurrence of Fusarium mycotoxins (trichoth-ecenes and zearalenone) in barley and com in Korea. Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 59:3798-3802
  13. Lee, L. S., Cucullu, A. R, Franz, A. O. Jr. and Pons, W. A. Jr. 1969. Destruction of aflatoxins in peanuts during dry and oil roasting. J. Agric. Food Chem. 17:451-453 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf60163a010
  14. Mehan, V. K., Bhavanishanker, T. N. and McDonald, D. 1985. Zearalenone production in groundnut. In: Trichothecenes and other mycotoxins, Proceedings of the International Mycotoxin Symposium. Sydney, Australia. ed. by J. Lacey. pp. 73-78.John Wiley & Sons Ltd., USA
  15. Mehan, V. K., McDonald, D. and Rao, V. R. 1981. Pod rot disease of peanut at ICRISAT, India. Proc. Am. Peanut Res. Educ. Soc. 13:91.
  16. Mirocha, C. J., Schauerhamer, B. and Pathre, S. V. 1974. Isola-tion, detection, and quantitation of zearalenone in maize and barley. J. Assoc. Off. Anat. Chem. 57:1104-1110
  17. Nabney, J. and Nesbitt, B. F. 1965. A spectrophotometric method for determining the aflatoxins. Analyst 90:155-160 https://doi.org/10.1039/an9659000155
  18. Nelson, P. E., Tousoun, T. A. and Marasas, W. F. O. 1983. Fusar-ium species: An illustrated manual for identification. The Pennsylvania State University Press, University Park, PA
  19. Sanders, T. H., Hill, R. A., Cole, R. J. and BlankenshiP, P. D. 1981. Effect of drought on occurrence of Aspergillus ftavus in maturing peanuts. J. Am. Oil Chem. Soc. 5S-.966A-970A
  20. Soares, L. M. V. 1992. Multi-toxin TLC methods for aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone and sterigmatocystin in foods, In: Ptant Toxin Anatysis. Ed: Linskens, H. P. and Jackson, J. F. Springer-Verlag, NY, USA
  21. Subrahmanyam, P. and Rao, A. S. 1974. Occurrence of aflatoxins and citrmin in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) at harvest in relation to pod condition and kernel moisture content. Curr. Sci. 43:707-710
  22. Tanaka, T., Hasegawa, A., Yamamoto, S., Lee, U. S., Sugiura, Y. and Veno, Y. 1988. Worldwide contamination of cereals by the Fusarium mycotoxins nivalenol, deoxynivalenol, and zearale-none. J. Agric. Food Chem. 36:979-983 https://doi.org/10.1021/jf00082a031

피인용 문헌

  1. Peanut and peanut products: A food safety perspective vol.32, pp.1, 2013, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foodcont.2012.12.007
  2. An overview of mycotoxin contamination in foods and its implications for human health vol.29, pp.1, 2010, https://doi.org/10.3109/15569541003598553
  3. Potential of aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus flavus strains on commercially important food grains vol.46, pp.1, 2011, https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.2010.02468.x
  4. Cytotoxic assessment of the regulated, co-existing mycotoxins aflatoxin B1, fumonisin B1 and ochratoxin, in single, binary and tertiary mixtures vol.90, 2014, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.toxicon.2014.07.019
  5. Mould and mycotoxin exposure assessment of melon and bush mango seeds, two common soup thickeners consumed in Nigeria vol.237, 2016, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2016.08.019
  6. On-Farm Demonstrations with a Set of Good Agricultural Practices (GAPs) Proved Cost-Effective in Reducing Pre-Harvest Aflatoxin Contamination in Groundnut vol.8, pp.2, 2018, https://doi.org/10.3390/agronomy8020010
  7. Genetic diversity of Aspergillus flavus and occurrence of aflatoxin contamination in stored maize across three agro-ecological zones in Kenya vol.7, pp.1, 2018, https://doi.org/10.1186/s40066-018-0202-4