개선된 공간 도약법을 이용한 고속 가상 내시경 기법

High-Speed Virtual Endoscopy using Improved Space-Leaping

  • 신병석 (인하대학교 컴퓨터공학부) ;
  • 김혁 (죠지 워싱턴대학교 대학원 전산과학과)
  • 발행 : 2002.08.01

초록

가상 내시경을 구현하기 위해서는 세밀하고 정확한 원근 투영 영상의 고속생성과 충돌검출이 필수적이다. 본 논문에서는 고속 원근 볼륨 렌더링 기법을 이용하여 정확하면서도 빠른 렌더링이 가능한 가상 내시경 기술을 제안한다. 이 방법은 기본적으로 화질이 우수한 광선 투영법을 기반으로 하며 거리정보(distance information)를 이용하여 투명한 공간을 비약하도록 함으로써 렌더링 속도를 향상시키도록 하였다. 렌더링 시에는 광선의 진행 방향에 따라 샘플 간격을 가변적으로 조절하는 방법을 이용하여 화질의 손실을 최소화하면서 처리시간을 향상시킨다. 또한 전처리 단계에서 생성된 거리 정보를 이용하여 충돌 검출을 간단히 할 수 있는 방법을 제안한다.

In order to implement virtual endoscopy, high-speed rendering algorithm that generates accurate perspective projection images and efficient collision detection method are essential. In this paper we propose an efficient virtual endoscopy system based on volume rendering technique. It is possible to skip over empty (transparent) space using the distance value produced in preprocessing time, and it does not deteriorate image quality since it is an extension of ray-casting. It also accelerates rendering speed with minimal loss of image quality by adjusting sampling interval along a ray according to direction of the ray. Using the distance information, we can simplify the collision detection of volumetric objects.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Lorenson, W. E. and Cline. H. E., 'Marching Cubes : A High Resolution 3D Surface Construction Algorithm,' Computer Graphics, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 163-169, 1987 https://doi.org/10.1145/37402.37422
  2. Levoy, M., 'Display of Surfaces from Volume Data,' IEEE Computer Graphics and Applications, Vol. 8, No. 3, pp. 29-37, 1988 https://doi.org/10.1109/38.511
  3. Yagel, R., 'Volume Viewing: State of the Art Survey,' SIGGRAPH 97 Course Note 31, 1997
  4. Yagel, R. and Kaufman, A., 'Template-based volume viewing,' Computer Graphics Forum(Eurographics 92 Proceedings), pp. 153-167, Cambridge, UK, 1992
  5. Lacroute P. and Levoy, M., 'Fast Volume Rendering Using a Shear-Warp Factorization of the Viewing Transformation,' Computer Graphics (SIGGRAPH 94 Proceedings), pp. 451-458, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1145/192161.192283
  6. Pfister, H., Hardenbergh, J., Knittel, J., Lauer, H. and Seiler, L., 'The Volume Pro Real-Time Ray-Casting System,' Proceedings of SIGGRAPH 99, pp. 251-260, Los Angeles, CA, 1999 https://doi.org/10.1145/311535.311563
  7. Wan, M., Li, W., Kreeger, K., Bitter, I., Kaufman, A., Liang, Z., Chen, D. and Wax, M., '3D Virtual Colonoscopy with Real-time Volume Rendering,' SPIE Medical Imaging 2000, http://www.cs.sunysb.edu/~vislab/papers/colonoscopy/final.pdf
  8. Westermann, R. and Eart, T., 'Efficiently Using Graphics Hardware in Volume Rendering Applications,' Computer Graphics, pp. 167-177, 1998 https://doi.org/10.1145/280814.280860
  9. Yagel, R., Kaufman, A., Cabral, B., Cam, N. and Foran, J., 'Acclerated volume rendering and tomographic reconstrucion using texture mapping hardware,' Symposium on Volume Visualizaition, pp. 91-97, 1994 https://doi.org/10.1145/197938.197972
  10. Ma, K., Painter, J., Hansen, C. and Krogh, M., 'A data distributed, parallel algorithm for ray-traced volume rendering,' Proceedings of the 1993 Parallel Rendering Symposium, pp. 15-22, San Jose, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1145/166181.166183
  11. Yagel, R. and Shi, Z., 'Accelerating volume animation by space-leaping,' Proceedings of IEEE Visualization '93, pp. 62-69, 1993 https://doi.org/10.1109/VISUAL.1993.398852
  12. Sramek, M. and Kaufman, A., 'Fast Ray-Tracing of Rectilinear Volume Data Using Distance Transforms,' IEEE Transactions on visualization and computer graphics, Vol. 6, No. 3, pp. 236-252, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1109/2945.879785
  13. De Assis Zampirolli, F. and De Alencar Lotufo, R., 'Classification of the distance transformation algorithms under the mathematical morphology approach,' Proceedings XIII Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing, pp. 292-299, 2000 https://doi.org/10.1109/SIBGRA.2000.883925
  14. Danskin, J. and Hanrahan, P., 'Fast algorithm for volume raycasting,' Workshop on Volume Visualization, pp. 91-98, 1992 https://doi.org/10.1145/147130.147155
  15. Gibson, S., 'Beyond Volume Rendering : Visualization, Haptic Exploration, and Plysical Modeling of Voxel-Based Objects,' 6th Euro-graphics Workshop on Visualization in Scientific Computing, May 1995
  16. He, T. and Kaufman, A., 'Collision Detection for Volumetric Objects,' Proceedings of IEEE Visualization '97, pp. 27-34, 1997 https://doi.org/10.1109/VISUAL.1997.663851