아동의 정서지능과 스트레스와의 관계

Relationships between child′s Emotional Intelligence and Stress

  • 정현희 (동의대학교 아동·가정환경학과)
  • 발행 : 2002.07.01

초록

The purpose of this study was to examine the relationships between child's emotional intelligence and stress according to child's sex. The subjects for this study were 380 children of 5-6th grade selected from elementary schools in Busan. Kwak's questionnaires(1994) on child's emotional intelligence and Han, Mi-Hyun's questionnaires(1996) on child's stress were used. Statistical techniques such as Manoya, Pearson's correlation, canonical were used. The results were as follows : (1) According to sex, there were significant differences in child's emotional intelligence and stress. The girls showed higher emotional expression, emotional empathy, emotional control, and the friend-related stress than boys. The boys showed higher parent-related stress than girls. (2) There were significant negative correlations between child's emotional intelligence and stress. The children who got higher emotion intelligence perceived lower stress. (3) Among five dimensions of emotional intelligence for boy, the effective variable was emotional utilization. And among six dimensions of stress, the effective variables were home-environment stress and school-related stress. Among fine dimensions of emotional intelligence for girl, the effective variables were emotional expression and emotional recognition. And among six dimensions of stress, the effective variables were friend-related stress and parent-related stress.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 곽윤정(1997). 정서지능의 발달과 구인타당성에 관한 연구. 서울대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  2. 권명순(1999). 유아의 감성지능과 또래간 인기도와의 관계. 순천향대학교 교육대학원 석사학위논문
  3. 김민희(1998). 유아의 기질과 어머니의 기질 및 만족도에 따른 유아행동 이화여자대학교 교육대학원 석사학위논문
  4. 문용린(1996). 정서지능의 의미와 중요성. 성숙한 정서교육의 방향. 유아교육 학술대회 발표 논문집. 서울: 사단법인 한국어린이육영회
  5. 문용린(1998). 정서지능 연구의 현재와 미래, EQ, 제대로 알고 있는가? 정서지능의 이해와 적용. 한국아동학회 추계학술대회
  6. 민하영, 유안진(1998). 일상적 스트레스에 대한 아동의 대처행동 척도 개발. 대한가정학회지, 36(7), 83-96
  7. 연진영(1987). 아동의 공감발달 및 관련변인. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위논문
  8. 유광선(1999). 정서지능 향상교육 프로그램이 정서지능과 도덕성 발달에 미치는 효과. 한국교원대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  9. 윤혜정(1993). 청소년의 일상적 스트레스와 사회관계망지지 지각. 서울대학교 대학원 석사학위논문
  10. 이수연(1985). 부모의 양육태도가 아동의 욕구충족지연행동에 미치는 영향. 이화여자대학원 석사학위논문
  11. 이인숙(1997). 부모-자녀간의 의사소통과 자녀의 감성지능과의 관계. 이화여자대학교 교육대학원석사학위논문
  12. 정원주, 윤종희(1997). 아동기 스트레스원과 스트레스 대처행동 및 그 증상에 관한 연구. 대한가정학회지, 35(6), 87-100
  13. 정현희, 최경순(1997). 어머니의 언어통제유형과 아동의 내외통제성, 사회적 능력과의 관계, 대한가정학회지, 35(5), 163-175
  14. 정현희, 최경순(2001). 아동의 자아통제능력과 스트레스와의 관계. 대한가정학회지, 39(9), 175-188
  15. 정홍섭(1996). 정서지능, 일반지능 및 정서안정도와 대학생의 적응과의 관계, 부산교육학연구, 9, 9-23
  16. 한미라(1996). 아동의 자아존중감과 대인관계스트레스 및 학교생활 부적응간의 관계. 연세대학교교육대학원 석사학위논문
  17. 한미현(1996). 아동의 스트레스 및 사회적 지지지각과 행동문제. 서울대학교 대학원 박사학위논문
  18. 현인숙(1999). 인기아동과 배척아동의 정서지능과 행동특성 연구 가톨릭대학교 석석사학위논
  19. Atkinson, M. B. (1977). The effect of internal and external distractions self imposed delay of gratification, dissertation abstracts international, 37, 4998-B
  20. Bar-On, R. & Parker, J. D.A. (2000). The handbook of emotional intelligence. Jossey-Bass
  21. Barnett, M.A., King, L.M., Howard, J.A., Dino, G.A.(1980). Empathy in young children: Relations to parents' empathy, affection and emphases on the feelings of others. Developmental Psychology, 16, 243-244 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.16.3.243
  22. Berk, L. (1994). Child development. Allyin and Bacon
  23. Compas, B. E. (1987). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence. Psychological Bulletin, 101(3), 393-403 https://doi.org/10.1037/0033-2909.101.3.393
  24. Compas, B. E. & Wagner, B. M. (1991). Relationship of life events and support with psychological dysfunction among adolescents. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 15, 204-221
  25. Camas, L. A, Ribordy, S., Hill, J., Martino, S., Sachs V., Spaccarelli, S., & Stefani, R. (1990). Maternal facial behavior and the recognition and production of emotional expression by maltreated and normal treated children. Developmental Psychology, 26,304-312 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.26.2.304
  26. Denham, S. A & Grout, L. (1993). Socialization of emotion: pathway to preschoolers' emotional and social competence. Journal of Nonverval Behavior, 17, 205-227 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00986120
  27. Dohrenwend, B. P. & Shrout, P. E. (1985). ‘Hassles‘ in the conceptualization and measurement of life stress variables. American Psychologist, 40, 780-785 https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066X.40.7.780
  28. Douvan, E. & Adelson, J. (1986). The adolescence experience. N. Y. Wiley
  29. Dunn, J. A (1985). Stability of the factor structure of the test anxiety scale for children across age and sex groups. Journal of Consulting Psychology, 29, 187-200 https://doi.org/10.1037/h0021891
  30. Eisenberg, N. & Fabes, R. A (1995). The relation of young children's vicarious emotional responding to social competence, regulation and emotionality. Cognition and Emotion, 9, 203-228 https://doi.org/10.1080/02699939508409009
  31. Elder, G. H. & Caspi, A (1988). Economic stress in lives. Journal of Social issues, 44, 25-45 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1540-4560.1988.tb02090.x
  32. Felner, R. D. & Felner, T. Y. (1989). Primary prevention program in the educational context: A transactional-ecological framework and analysis. In L. A. Bond & Promotion in the schools. Newbury Park, CA: Sage, 13-49
  33. Garner, P. W. (1996). The relations of emotional role taking, affective/moral attributions and emotional display rule knowledge to low income school age children's social competence. Journal of Applied Developmental Psychology, 17, 19-36 https://doi.org/10.1016/S0193-3973(96)90003-9
  34. Gardner, H. (1983). Frames of mind: The theory of multiple intelligence. New York: Basic Books
  35. Gelman, R & McGinley, H. (1978). Interpersonal liking and self-disclosure, Journal of Counseling Psychology, 46, 1549-1551 https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-006X.46.6.1549
  36. Goleman, D. (1995). Emotional intelligences. New York: Bantam Books
  37. Hagborg, W. J. (1990). The revised behavior problem checklist and severely emotionally disturbed adolescence. Journal of Abnormal Child Psyclwlogy, 18(1), 47-53 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00919455
  38. Harter, S. (1988). Developmental processes in the construction of the self. W. J.: Erlbaum
  39. Honig, A. S. (1985). Compliance, control, and discipline. Young Children, 40, 50-58
  40. Hudson, L. M. (1988). On the coherence of role taking abilities on alternative to correlational analysis. Child Development, 59, 223-227
  41. Kendall, P. C. & Wilcox, L. E. (1979). Self-control in children: Developmental of a rating scale. Journal of Consulting and Psychology, 7(6), 1020-1029
  42. Kurdek, L. A & Rodgon, M. M. (1976). Perceptual, Cognitive and Affective Perspective taking in kindergarten through six-grade children. Development Psychology, 11, 643-650 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.11.5.643
  43. Laura, T. L. (1998). Emotional Intelligence: implications for individual performance. Texas Tech Uni. Dissertation
  44. Lempers, J. D. & Clark-Lempers, D. (1990). Family economic stress, maternal and paternal support and adolescent distress. Journal of Adolescence, 13, 217-229 https://doi.org/10.1016/0140-1971(90)90015-Y
  45. Maccoby, E. E. & Jacklin, c. N. (1974). The psyclwlogy of sex differences. Stanford, Calif: Stanford. Uni. Press
  46. Mehrabian, A. (1977). Measure of emotional empathy. Journal of Personality, 40, 525-543 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-6494.1972.tb00078.x
  47. Mischel, W. (1981). Introduction to personality. N. .Y: Holt, Rinehart & Winston
  48. Perry, D.G. & Bussy, K. (1984). Social development. NJ: Prentical Hall
  49. Pollak, S., Cicchetti, D., & Klorman, R. (1998). Stress, memory, and emotion. Development and Psychology, 10, 811-828 https://doi.org/10.1017/S0954579498001886
  50. Rose, A. (1991). The relationship of self-controlling skills to personal and social adjustment in elementary school-aged children. doctorial dissertation, Biola Uni
  51. Rudolph, K. D. Hammen, C. & Burge, D. (1994). Interpersonal functioning and depressive symptoms in childhood: addressing the issues of specificity and comorbity. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 22, 3, 355-371 https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02168079
  52. Rutter, M. (1986). Maternal deprivation. Child Development, 50, 283-305 https://doi.org/10.2307/1129404
  53. Salovey, P. & Mayer, J. D. (1990). Emotional Intelligence. Imagination. Cognition, and Personality, 9(3), 185-211 https://doi.org/10.2190/DUGG-P24E-52WK-6CDG
  54. Sharbany, R. G. (1981). Age and sex differences in intimate friendship. Development Psychology, 17, 800-808 https://doi.org/10.1037/0012-1649.17.6.800
  55. Stocker, C. & Dunn, J. (1990). Sibling relationships in childhood: Links with friendships and peer relationships. British Journal of Developmental Psychology, 8, 227-244