DOI QR코드

DOI QR Code

인삼 추출물이 난소를 절제한 백서의 항산화효소 활성에 미치는 영향

The Effects of Panax Ginseng Extract on Antioxidative Enzyme Activity in Ovariectomized Rats

  • 하배진 (신라대학교 공과대학 생명공학전공) ;
  • 황일영 (충남대학교 의과대학 의학과)
  • 발행 : 2002.06.01

초록

노화과정에 산소라디칼이 관여할 가능성을 노화유도된 쥐를 동물모델로 하여 알아보았다. 난소를 절제한 rat와 난소를 절제하지 않은 정상의 rat에서의 생리활성에 미치는 인삼 추출물의 효과를 연구하였다. 난소를 절제한 rat에 각각 GTS (Ovx+GTS 군)와 GW (Ovx+GW 군)를 투여하고, 이것과 비교하기 위해 난소를 절제한 대조군(Ovx군)과 마지막으로 난소를 절제하지 않은 정상군(Sham군)으로 하여 항산화효과에 관한 실험방법으로 진행하였다. 노화유도된 쥐의 각 조직에서 lipid peroxidation이 증가되었고 free radical반응이 더 심하게 일어난 간 조직에서 노화진행이 그만큼 촉진되었음을 알 수 있었다. 간소라디칼반응이 항진된 원인을 규명코자 간 조직에서 미토콘드리아와 세포질분획에서 항산화효소의 활성을 조사한 결과, SOD와 glutathion reductase활성이 감소되었으며 노화나 지질과산화가 심하게 진행되었던 간 조직에서 이들 항산화효소의 활성감소가 심한 경향을 나타내었다. 생체는 free radical을 조절할 수 있는 다양한 항산화계가 존재하여 free radical을 효율적으로 제거함으로써 생체의 항상성을 유지할 수 있다. 이러한 항산화계에는 superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion (GSH) peroxidase, GSH reductase, GSH S-transferase, catalase등의 항산화효소가 있다. SOD는 반응성을 가진 산소species인 superoxide anion을 macrophage와 polymorphonuclear leucocyte의 항균작용같은 세포방어기구에서 중요한 역할을 한다. 원칙상 눈, 피부등의 byaus이 공기중의 산소에 노출되면 oxidative stress가 커짐으로서 조직이 훼손되나 SOD같은 효소에 의해 보호되고 손상이 방지되는 것으로 알려지고 있다. 실제로 신체부위에 적용해 보면 쉽게 활성상실이 일어나므로 fatty arid와 공유결합시켜 효과적으로 superoxide radical을 제거할 수 있다. AST의 활성은 Ovx군이 Sham군에 비해 2.11배 높게 나타났으며, ALT 활성은 변화가 나타나지 않았다. AST 활성에서는 각각의 물질을 투여한 군에서는 유의적인 감소 경향을 보였다. 과산화지질함량은 Ovx군이 Sham군에 비해 높게 나타났으며, 각각의 인삼추출물을 투여한 군에서는 62%∼72%의 저해률을 보였다. 항산화 효소들은 Sham군에 비해 Ovx군에서 낮게 나타났는데, 각 물질의 투여 군에서는 유의성있는 증가를 보였다. 이러한 결과에서 보듯이, 난소 절제로 생성된 많은 free radical은 항산화효소에 의해서 감소되었으며, 그리고 인삼 추출물이 항산화 효소 대신에 노화를 저해하는 작용을 하는 것으로 사료되었다.

In order to observe the bioactivity of ovariectomized rats, nonovariertoized (sham) group, ovariectomized (Ovx) group, ovariectomized ginseng total saponin (GTS)-treated (Ovx+ GTS) group and ovariectomized ginseng water extract (GW)-treated (Ovx+CW) group were made. We measured AST (L-aspartate aminotransferase) and ALT (L-alanin aminotransferase) in sera, and MDA (malondialdehyde:lipid peroxidation), SOD (superoxide dismutase), catalase, total-glutathione (GSH + GSSG) and GPx (glutathione peroxidase) in liver tissue total homogenates of rat. AST activity of serum in Ovx group was 2.11 times increased, but ALT activity was not changed compared to Sham group. In AST activity, they tend to decrease significantly in each substance such as GTS and GW administered group. Lipidperoxides of each fraction in Ovx group were highly increased compared to Sham group. Extracts of ginseng-treated group markedly inhibited lipid peroxidation by 62% ∼72%. And as the result of the measurements of SOD, catalase, total-glutathione and GPx which are antioxidant enzyme, antioxidant enzymes in Ovx group much lower than in Sham group. But they were significantly increased in each substance such as GTS and GW, administered group. Based on the results, it is supposed that more produced free radicals decreased antioxidant enzyme. And it is also thought that extracts of ginseng can inhibit aging by reducing antioxidant enzyme.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Catalase in vitro ; Methods in Enzymology v.105 Aebi, H., Packer L(ed)
  2. Toxicol. and Appl. Pharm v.46 Lipid peroxidation and cell damage isolated Hepatocytes due to Bromotrichloromethane Albrecht, D. K., H. Kappus;H. Remmer https://doi.org/10.1016/0041-008X(78)90095-9
  3. Doctor's degree dissertation Studies on the Antilipidperoxidation effect of Brazilin and Hematoxylin Ha, Bae-jin
  4. Kor. J. Gerontal v.7 no.3 Effects of aerobic exercise on hepatic a antioxidant enzymes in cholesterol-dietary rats Baek, Yrong-Ho, K.W. Kim;T.H. Nam
  5. Anal Biochem v.44 Improved assays and an assay applicable to acryla mide gels Beauchamp. C;I. Friclovich https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-2697(71)90370-8
  6. Biol. Reprod v.45 Functional and morpho-logical changes in the hypothalamo-pituitary-gonadal axis of age female rats Bestetti, G.E., M.J. Reymond, F. Blanc, C.E. Boujon, B. Furrer;G.L. Rossi https://doi.org/10.1095/biolreprod45.2.221
  7. Arch biochem. Biophys v.82 Tissue Sulpyhdryl groups Elman G.L https://doi.org/10.1016/0003-9861(59)90090-6
  8. Lab. Invest v.47 Membrane Injury and Calcium Homeostasis in the Pathogenesis of Coagulative Necrosis Farber, J.L
  9. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci v.648 Ovarian steroid and neurotoxin models of brain aging in rodents Finch, C.E., S.G. Kohama;G.M. Pasinetti https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1992.tb24529.x
  10. American Physiological Society Formation of reactive metabolites of foreign compounds and their covalent binding to cellular constituents Gillett, J.R
  11. The Change : Women, Aging and the Menopause Greer, G
  12. CRC Critical Reviews in Toxicology v.18 Lipid peroxidation and Mech-anisms of Toxicity Horoton, A.A https://doi.org/10.3109/10408448709089856
  13. J. Reprod. Fertil. Suppl v.46 Ageinf of the neuropeptidergic signals in rats Kalra, S.P.A. Sahu;P.S. Kalra
  14. Bone miner v.15 The ovariectomized rat model of postmenopaused bone loss Kalu, D. N https://doi.org/10.1016/0169-6009(91)90124-I
  15. Planta Medica v.56 Antinarcotic effects of the standardized ginsenn extract G115 on morphine Kim, H.S., C.G. Jang;M.K. Lee https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960915
  16. Biochem. Biophys. Res Commum v.71 Glutathione per-oxidase activity in selenium-deficient rat liver Lawrence, R.A;R.F. Burke https://doi.org/10.1016/0006-291X(76)90747-6
  17. J. Biol. Chem v.193 Protein Measurement with Folin phenol reagent Lowy, O.H., N.J. Rosenbrough, A.S. Farr;R.J. Randall
  18. Ro. Planta. Medica v.57 Antihepatic activity of ginsenoside Matsuda, H., I. Samukawa;M. Kubo https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960198
  19. Ann. Rev. Biochem v.52 Glutathione Meister, a;M.E. Anderson https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.bi.52.070183.003431
  20. J. Mol. Biol v.225 X-ray structure refinement and comparison of three forms of mitochondrial aspartate aminotransherase McPhalen, C.A., M.G. Vincent;J.N. Jansonius https://doi.org/10.1016/0022-2836(92)90935-D
  21. Korean J. Ginseng Sci v.21 no.1 Ginseng ; recent advances and trends Nah, S. Y
  22. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sci v.592 Hormonal influences on reproductive aging in mice Nelson, J.F;L.S. Felicio https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1990.tb30311.x
  23. Biochem. Biophys. Acta v.532 no.1 Physicochemical and biological characterization of pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin and its subunits Papkoff, H., T.A. Bewley;J. Ramachandran
  24. Annu. Rev. Pharmacal. Toxical v.16 Chemicals, drugs, and lipid peroxidation Plaa, G. L;H. Witschi https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev.pa.16.040176.001013
  25. J. Biol. Chem v.17 GSSG from bakers yeast and beef liver Racker E
  26. Am. J. Clin. Pathol v.28 A colorimetric method for determination of serum glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase Reitman. S;S.K. Frankel
  27. Free Radicals in Biology v.4 Free radical damage in liver Reynolds, E.S;M.T. Moslen
  28. Planta. Medica v.57 Inhibition of mutagenesis and transformation by root extracts of Panas ginseng in vitro Rhee, Y.H., J.H. Ahn, J. Choe, K.W. Kang;C. Joe
  29. free Radical Res. Comm v.1 Mechanism and atomic stucture of superoxide dismutase Roberts, V.A., C.L. Fishor, S.M. Redford, D.E. McRee, H.E. Parge, E.D. Getzoff;J.A. Tainer
  30. Natuer v.362 Mutations with familial anyotrophic lateral sclerosis Rosen, D.R(et al) https://doi.org/10.1038/362059a0
  31. Gamete Res v.6 Preimplantation losses of zygotes in superovulated immature rats Sherman, D., M. Nelken;P.F. Kraicer https://doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120060102
  32. Chem. Pharm. Bull v.14 no.10 Chemical studies on the oriental plant druds. XVII. The prosapogenin of the ginseng saponings(ginsenosides-Rb1,-Rb2, and -Rc) Shibata, S., T. Ando;O. Tanaka https://doi.org/10.1248/cpb.14.1157
  33. Planta. Medica v.58 Antiulcer activity and mode of action of the polysaccaride fraction from the leaves of Panax ginseng Sun, X. B., T. Matsumoto;H. Yamada https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-961507
  34. Planta. Medica v.56 Studies insulin-like substances in korean red ginseng Takaka, T., Kameda, Y. Matsuura, K. Sekiya;H. Okuda https://doi.org/10.1055/s-2006-960877
  35. Nature v.306 structure and mechanism of Cu, Zn, superoxide dismutase Tainer, J.A., E.D. Getzoff, J.S. Richardson;D.C. Richardson https://doi.org/10.1038/306284a0