교외지역에서 대기 중 Hexachlorocyclohexane의 농도분포 및 온도 의존성

The Concentration Distribution and Temperature Dependence of Hexachlorocyclohexane in Rural Atmosphere

  • 발행 : 2002.06.01

초록

Concentrations of $\alpha$- and ${\gamma}$-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) were measured in ambient air samples at a two week intervals between July 1999 and February 2000 at Ansung, Kyonggi province. Their concentration levels averaged at 78 ($\alpha$-HCH) and 18 pg/m$^3$(${\gamma}$-HCH). Although the use of HCHs was ceased in South Korea since 1979, their residues are still present in air even after nearly 20 years. Given the composition of the two main HCH pesticide formulation (technical HCH antral lindane), the $\alpha$/${\gamma}$-HCH ratio in air is a useful indicator on the regional scale. The moderately low $\alpha$/${\gamma}$-HCH ration in this study indicates previous usage of both technical HCH and lindane. The relationship of temperature with gas-phase partial pressures was also examined using the Clausius-Clapeyron equation. Slopes generated by linear regression analysis between partial pressure (In P) and 1/T were considerably steep thor HCHs. It is thus suggested that their concentrations are controlled by re-volatilization processes from surfaces in the local surroundings of the sampling site.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. 한국환경농학회지 v.17 no.3 농산물 중 유기염소계 농약의 잔류수준 이동우;윤재홍;장기봉
  2. 한국환경농학회지 v.18 no.2 식품 중의 유기인계, 유기염소계, 카바메이트계 농약의 다성분 분석법 비교 전옥경;이강문
  3. 농약총람 윤채혁
  4. 농약공업협회 20년사 농약공업협회
  5. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.34 no.10 Organochlorine Pesticides in Ambient Air of Belize, Central America Alegria Henry A.;Bidleman Terry F.;Shaw Timothy J. https://doi.org/10.1021/es990982b
  6. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.25 no.6 Interhemisphere Exchange of Hexachloronhexanes, Hexachlorobenzene, Polychlobiphenyls, and 1, 1, 1-Trichloro-2, 2-bis (p-chlorophenyl)ethane in the Lower Troposphere Ballschmiter Karlheinz;Wittlinger Rolf https://doi.org/10.1021/es00018a014
  7. The Science of the Total Environment v.239 Use of α-, β- and γ-hexaxhlorocyclohexane in Europe, 1970-1996 Breivik Knut;Pacyna Jozef M.;Munch Jorg https://doi.org/10.1016/S0048-9697(99)00291-0
  8. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 no.6 OH Radical Kinetics of Gas-Phase α-and γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane and Hexachlorobenzene Brubaker W. Wayne;Hites Ronald A https://doi.org/10.1021/es970650b
  9. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 no.13 Temporal Trends in Gas-Phase Concentrations of Chlorinaed Pesticides Measured at the Shores of the Great Lakes Cortes Donald R.;Basu Ilora;Swet Clyde W.;Brice Kenneth A;Hoff Raymond M.;Hites Ronald A https://doi.org/10.1021/es970955q
  10. Environment Pollution v.102 Multi-year observations of organohalogen pesticides in the Aretic atmosphere Halsall, C.J.;R. Bailey;G.A. Stern;L.A. Barrie;P. Fellin;D.C.G. Muir;B. Rosenberg;F.Ya. Rovinsky;E.Ya Kononov;B. Pastukhov https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(98)00074-8
  11. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 no.2 Hexachlorocyclohexanes in Air in Southern Norway. Temporal Variation, Sources Allocation, and Temperature dependence Haugen John-eric;Wania Frank;Fitter Nathalie;Martin Schlabach https://doi.org/10.1021/es970577p
  12. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.26 no.2 Annual Cycle of Polychlorinated biphenyls and Organohalogen Pesticides in Air in Southern Ontario. 1. Air Concentration Data Hoff, R.M.;Muir Derek C.G.;Grift Norbert P. https://doi.org/10.1021/es00026a005
  13. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 no.12 Nonlinearity in the Slopes of Clausius-Clapeyron Plots for SVOCs Hoff, R.M.;K.A. Brice;C.J. Halsall https://doi.org/10.1021/es9709740
  14. Chemosphere v.43 Distribution of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soils from South Korea Kim Jong-Hun;Smuth Alistair https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(00)00281-2
  15. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.26 no.1 Gas-and Particle-Phase Concentrations of α-Hexachlorocychexane, γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane, and Hexachlorobenzene in Ontario Air Lane Douglas A.;Johnson N. Douglas;Hanley Mary-Jane J.;Schroeder William H.;Ord David T https://doi.org/10.1021/es00025a013
  16. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.12 Global HCH Usage with 1°×1° Longitude/Latitude Resolution Li Yi-Fan;Mcmillan Ann;Scholtz M. Trevor https://doi.org/10.1021/es960312v
  17. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.10 Air-water Gas Exchange of Organochlorine Compounds in Lake Baikal, Russia Mcconnell Laura L.;Kucklick John R.;Bidleman Terry F.;Ivanov Genadi P.;Chernyak Sergey M. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9509487
  18. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.12 Spatial and Temporal Trends of Atmospheric Organochlorine Vapors in the Central and Upper Great lakes Monosmith Carrie L.;Hermanson Mark H. https://doi.org/10.1021/es960093d
  19. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.7 Seasonal Changes and Relations between Levels of Organochlorines in Arctic Ambient Air: First Results of an All-Year-Round Monitoring Program at Ny-Alesund, Svalbard, Norway Oehme Micheal;Haugen John-eric;Schlabach Martin https://doi.org/10.1021/es950701+
  20. Chemosphere v.41 Chlorobenzens and hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs) in the atmosphere of Bitterfeld and Leipzig (Germany) Peter Popp;Lutz Bruggemann;Petra Keil;Uwe Thuβ;Holger Weiβ https://doi.org/10.1016/S0045-6535(99)00531-7
  21. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.3 Fate and Atmospheric Concentrations of α-and γ-Hexachlorocyclohexane in Quebec, Canada Poissant Laurier;Koprivnjak Jean-Francois https://doi.org/10.1021/es950265r
  22. Aquatic Ecosystem Health and Management v.3 Organochlorine pesticides and polychlorinated biphenyls in the environment of the Baikal region Politov, S.V.;Anokhin Yu.A.;Surnina N.N. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1463-4988(00)00012-9
  23. Environmental Pollution v.62 Seasonal Variations of Organochlorine Insecticides Residues in Air from Porto Novo, South India Ramesh, A.;Tanabe, S.;Tatsukawa, R. https://doi.org/10.1016/0269-7491(89)90188-7
  24. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.30 no.3 Seasonality of Air-Water Fluxes of Hexachlorocyclohexanes in Lake Ontario Ridal Jeffrey J.;Kerman Bryan;Durham Louise;Fox Micheal E. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9502839
  25. Atmos. Environ. v.33 Gas-particle partitioning of pesticides in atmospheric samples Sanusi Astrid'e Millet Mauric;Mirabel Philippe;Wortham Henri https://doi.org/10.1016/S1352-2310(99)00275-7
  26. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.33 no.24 Factors Influencing the Distribution of Lindane and Other Hexachlorocyclohexanes in the Environment Walker Kathleen;Vallero Daniel A.;Lewis Robert G. https://doi.org/10.1021/es990647n
  27. Environ. Sci. Technol. v.32 no.15 Differential Toxicity and Environmental Fates of Hexachlorocyclohexane Isomers Willett Kristine L.;Ulrich Elin M.;Hites Ronald A. https://doi.org/10.1021/es9708530