Journal of Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회논문집)

Korea Water Resources Association (한국수자원학회)
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A Study on TOPMODEL Simulation for Soil Moisture Variation

TOPMODEL의 토양수분 변동성 모의에 관한 연구

  • 김진훈 (기상연구소 예보연구실) ;
  • 배덕효 (세종대학교 토목환경공학과) ;
  • 장기효 (기상연구소 예보연구실) ;
  • 조천호 (기상연구소 예보연구실)
  • Published : 2002.02.01
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Abstract

The objectives of this study are to analyse model-based soil moisture variations depending on model parameters m and $T_0$ and to evaluate the model performance for the simulation of soil moisture variations by the comparison of observed groundwater levels and model-driven soil moisture amounts and observed and simulated river discharges at the basin outlet. The selected study area is the Pyungchang IHP river basin with outlet at Sanganmi station and the summer flooding events during '94-'98 are used for the analysis. As a result, soil moisture holding capacity is increased according to increase the parameter m that represents effective groundwater depth. This phenomenon is especially dominant when higher m and $T_0$ values are used. The qualitative comparison of computed base flow and observed groundwater level shows that the base flow peaks are reasonably simulated and the decreasing limbs of hydrograph are mainly caused by base flows. It is concluded that TOPMODEL can be used effectively for simulating basin-averaged soil moisture variations in addition to river flow generations.

본 연구에서는 TOPMODEL의 매개변수 m, $T_{0}$에 따른 토양수분 변동성을 검토하고, 일단위 관측 지하수위자료를 이용하여 모형내 포화층에서의 흐름인 지하유출과의 상대적 비교 및 유역출구에서의 관측유량 및 계산유량을 비교하여 TOPMODEL의 토양수분 모의 능력을 규명하였다. 이를 위해 국제수문개발계획(IHP)의 평창강 상류 상안미 유역을 대상으로 94~98년 사이의 여름철 호우사상과 지하수위자료를 선택하였다. 매개변수 m, $T_{0}$에 따른 TOPMODEL의 토양수분 변동성은 토양내 지하수면의 유효깊이를 나타내는 m이 증가할수록 토양수분 보유능력이 증가하고, 특히 큰 값의 $T_{0}$와 결합되면 이러한 현상이 현저한 것으로 나타났다. 모형에 의해 산정된 지하유출과 실측 지하수위자료를 상대적으로 비교한 결과 첨두량이 유사하게 지체되는 경향으로 나타났으며, 강우가 끝난 후의 수문곡선 하강부는 대부분이 지하유출에 기인하고 있음을 잘 표현하고 있다. 따라서 TOPMODEL은 유역 출구에서의 유출량 산정뿐 아니라 유역의 토양수분 변화 모의에도 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

Keywords

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