백출의 역병균 분리 및 유묘를 이용한 병원성 정정 방법의 확립

Isolation of the Phytophthora Root Rot Pathogen of Atractylodes macrocephala, Phytophthora drechsleri, and Bioassay of the isolates with Seedlings

  • 발행 : 2002.09.30

초록

본 연구 결과 2000년 지역적으로 재배적 환경이 다른 수원, 안동, 영주의 백출 재배 포장에서 발생한 이병주들과 토양 시료로부터 SS-배지와 Jee-배지를 이용하여 분리된 균들은 백출 역병의 원인균인 P. drechsleri로 확인되었다. 이들 분리균 들은 격막이 없는 다량의 팽윤균사를 형성하며, 10% V8A 배지에 배양한 경우 PDA배지에 배양한 경우보다 빠른 균생장 속도를 보이며 $5^{\circ}C$이하와 $40^{\circ}C$이상에서는 전혀 균 생장이 이루어지지 않았다. 10% V8A 배지에서 균을 배양한 후 멸균수와 함께 균질화한 균사-유주자 현탁액을 접종원으로 하여 다량의 유묘에 접종한 결과 $5.0%{\sim}26.4%$$23.5%{\sim}72.2%$로 다양한 병반율과 이병주율이 확인되어 효과적인 병원성 검정이 이루어 졌다. 안동지역의 토양시료로부터 분리된 P-A200073 균주와 수원지역의 이병주 뿌리로부터 분리된 P-9755가 병원성이 높아 각각 $26.4%{\sim}63.2%$$25.1%{\sim}72.2%$의 병반율과 이병주율을 보였으나 무처리구의 경우 이병주가 발생하지 않았다. 접종 이병주의 조직으로부터 균 재 분리를 시도한 결과 대부분의 뿌리와 땅 가줄기에서 P. drechsleri가 분리되었으나 병반을 보이는 상위 줄기와 엽 조직으로부터는 균이 분리되지 않았다.

Using semi-selective (SS-) and selective (Jee-) medium, we identified the pathogens isolated from the symptomatic plants and soils collected from different locations, such as Suwon, Andong, and Youngju, as P. drechsleri, which is Phytophthora root rot causal agent of A. macrocephala. At $25^{\circ}C$, these isolates were grown faster on 10% V8A (V8 juice agar) medium than on PDA (potato dextrose agar) with hyphal swelling, but no growing was observed at below $5^{\circ}C$ and over $40^{\circ}C$. In order to identify the pathogenicity of each isolate, seedlings of A. macrocephala were inoculated with mycelium -zoospore suspended inoculum, which was prepared by culturing on 10% V8A medium and homogenizing in distilled water. By this method, wide ranges of pathogenicity were observed as follows; $5.0%{\sim}26.4%$ of disease severities concerning the lesion areas of the top plants and $23.5%{\sim}72.2%$ of disease incidences. Therefore, this was considered as a efficient method to identify the pathogenicity of P. drechsleri in large scale screening. P-A200073, isolated from soils in Andong, and P-9755, from the root of symptomatic plant of A. macrocephala in Suwon, showed the highest degree of pathogenicity to the seedlings. By these isolates, lesion areas and disease incidences of the inoculated seedlings were occurred $26.4%{\sim}63.2%$ and $25.1%{\sim}72.2%$, respectively. However, no symptoms were observed in uninoculated control. Same pathogens were reisolated from roots and lower stems of the inoculated plants, but not from leaves.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Cho JH, Kim YW, Park CG, Bang KH, Seong NS (2001a) Genetic variation of Actractylodes macrocephala in morphological traits and phytophthora root rot resistance. Korean J. Breed. 33(3) : 191-198
  2. Cho JH, Kim YW, Park CG, Bang KH, Seong NS (2001b) Occurrence of phytophthora root rot of Atractylodes macrocephala in field conditions. Korean J. Medicinal Crop Sci. 9(3) : 211-219
  3. Cho JH and Rupe JC (2000) Genetic study of sudden death syndrome pathogen isolates, F. solani f. sp. glycines. from geographically different fields with mitochondrial DNA RFLPs. Korean J. Crop Sci. 45(2) : 143-149
  4. Cho JH (1999) Physiological responses of soybean cultivars to F. solani f. sp. glycines causing sudden death syndrome. Korean J. of Crop Sci. 44(4) : 373-s381
  5. Jee HJ (1998a) Taxonomy and characteristics of Korean species of Phytophthora. Plant Dis. and Agri. 4(1) : 79-89
  6. Jee HJ (1998b) Key to the Korean species of Phytophthora and their morphological characteristics. Plant Dis. and Agri. 4(2) : 30-35
  7. Jee HJ, Cho WD, and Kim CH (2000) Phytophthora Disease in Korea. National Institute of Agricultural Science and Technology, Rural Development Administration, Suwon, Korea, pp 41-49, pp 84-86, pp 99-100
  8. Jee HJ, Kim WG, Lee SY, Cho WD (1996) Phytophthora cryptogea causing the foot rot of Gerbera jamesonii in Korea. Korean J. Plant Pathol. 12(2) : 374-376
  9. Kim DK (1999) Characterization of Phytophthora Rhizome Rot of Sabju, Atractylis spp, Explitation of resistance and identification of active antifungal substance from Xanthium straumarium. Ph.D thesis. Dept. of Agricultural Biology, Gyeongsang National University, pp 27-29, pp 43-51
  10. Kim DK, Jee HJ, Kim HK (1997) Occurrence of Rhizome rot of Atractylodes spp. caused by Phytophthora drechsleri. Korean J. of Plant Pathol. 13(6) : 433-437
  11. Kwon SB, Jee HJ, Bang SB, Lee KK, and Hong CK. 1999. Phytophthora root rot of Ligularia fishcheri caused by P. drechsleri. Plant Dis. Agric. 5(1) : 58-60
  12. Seone NS. and Cho JH (2000) Agricultural background and prospects of oriental medicinal herbs in the Republic of Korea. The Korean Society of Medicinal Crop Science. Korea-China symposium 8(2) : 26-37