Spectral Analysis and Performance Evaluation of DTMF Receivers with the QFT Algorithm

QFT알고리즘을 이용한 DTMF 수신기의 신호해석 및 성능평가

  • Published : 2001.09.25

Abstract

The economical detection of dual-tone multi-frequency(DTMF) signals is an important factor when developing cost-effective telecommunication equipment. Each chanel has independently a DTMF receiver, and it informs the detected signal to processors. In order to detect the DTMF signals, the receiver use algorithm such DFT, FFT and Goertzel methods. This paper analyze the power spectra of the DTMF receiver by using the QFT algorithm. As experimental results, it show that can the improved performance of the DTMF receiver and can reduce memory waste and the real time processing.

DTMF(multi-tone multi-frequency) 신호의 경제적인 검출은 저렴한 가격의 통신장비를 개발하는데 중요한 요소이다. 현재 사용하고 있는 전전자식 교환기의 각 채널은 서로 독립된 DTMF수신기 회로를 갖고 있으며, 검출된 시노를 프로세서에 알려준다. 이때 수신기는 신호검출을 위해 DFT, FFT 및 Goertzel과 같은 알고리듬을 사용한다. 본 논문은 다중채널 DTMF 수신기 신호분석에 QFT(quick Fourier transform) 알고리듬을 적용한다. 연산수 비교를 통해 기존의 FFT, Goertzel 및 DFT 알고리듬보다 메모리 소모를 줄일 수 있고, 실시간 처리 능력이 향상된 알고리즘임을 보인다.

Keywords

References

  1. Jackson L.B., J.F. Kaiser and H.S Mcdonald, 'An Approach to the Implementation of Digital Fiters', IEEE Trans. Audio Electroacoust., Vol. AU-16, pp. 413-421, Sept. 1968 https://doi.org/10.1109/TAU.1968.1162002
  2. Alles H.G., J.H. Coden, W.C. Fisher and H.S. McDonald, 'Digital Signal Processing in Telephone Switching', in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., pp 18E.1-2, 1974
  3. Boddle K.J., N. Sachs and J. Tow, 'Receiver for Touch-Tone Service', BSTJ, Vol. 60, No.7, pp.1573-1583, Sep. 1981
  4. Tow J. and N. Sachs, 'A DSP Implementation of Digital Tone Receiver', IEEE Trans. Commun. Electron., 1981
  5. Braun F.G., 'Nonrecursive Digital Filters for Detecting Multifrequency Code Signalings,' IEEE Trans. Acoust. Speech Signal Processing, Vol. ASSP-23, pp 250-256, June 1975
  6. Agarwal A.C., R. Sudhakar and B.P. Agrawal, 'Multiplierless Implementation of MF/DTMF Receiver', IEEE TRans. Commun., Vol COM-32, No.7 Jul 1984
  7. 유근호외 3인, '${\mu}PD$ 7720 응 이용한 32 채널용 MFC 디지털 수신기의 시뮬레이션 및 성능 평가', 전기학회 논문지, Vol.35, No.2, pp 47-54, 1986 년 2 월
  8. Koval A. and G. Gara, 'Digital MF Receiver Using Discrete Fourier Transform', IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. COM 21, No.12, pp 1331-1335, Dec. 1973
  9. Proutfoot A.D., 'Simple Multifrequency Tone Detector', Electron. Lett., Vol.8, pp 524-525, Oct., 1972 https://doi.org/10.1049/el:19720382
  10. Niwa K. and M. Sato, 'Multifrequency Receiver for Push Button signalling Using Digital Processing Techniques', in Proc. Int. Conf. Commun., pp 18F.1-5, 1974
  11. Callahan A.J., JR., 'Integrated DTMF Receiver', IEEE Trans. Commun., Vol. COM-27, No.2, Feb. 1979
  12. Gay S.L., J. Hartung and G.L. Smith, 'Algorithms for Multichannel DTMF Detection for the WE DSP32 Family', Proc. of ICASSP, Glascow Scotland, May 1989 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.1989.266633
  13. Smith G.L., 'Dual-tone Multifrequency Receiver Using the WE DSP32 Digital Signal Processor Application Note', June 1988
  14. Smith G.L., 'Dual-tone Multifrequency Receiver Using the WE DSP16 Digital Signal Processor Application Note', June 1989
  15. 윤달환 외 5인, 'TDX-10 신호장치 유지보수 시스템 개발', 전자공학회지 제 5 권, 제 1 호, Vol.5, No.1, 1991 년 12 월
  16. H. Guo, G. A. Sitton, and C. S. Burrus, 'The quick discrete Fourier transform,' in Proc. IEEE Int conf. Acoust., Speech, Signal Process., Adelaide, Australia, Apr. 19-22, 1994, pp. III : 445-448 https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP.1994.389994
  17. J. F. Kohne, 'A quick Fourier transform algorithm,' Tech. Rep. TR-1723, Naval Electron. Lab. Cent., July 1980
  18. H. J. Nussbaumer, Fast Fourier Transform and Convolution Algorithms, 2nd ed. Heidelberg, Germany : Springer Verlag, 1981, 1982
  19. K. R. Rao and P. Yip, 'Discrete Cosine Transform, Algorithms, Advantages, Applications,' Academic Press, Inc, 1990
  20. H. V. Sorensen and C. S. Burrus, 'Efficient computation of the DFT with only a subest of input or output points,' IEEE Trans. Signal processing, vol. 41, pp. 1184-1200, Mar. 1993
  21. A. V. Oppenheim and R. W. Schafer, Discrete-Time Signal Processing, Englewood Cliffs, N J : Prentice-Hall, 1989
  22. H. Guo, G. A. Sitton and C. Sydney Burrus, 'The Quick Fourier Transform : An FFT Based on Symmetries,' IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, Vol. 46, No. 2, Feb., 1998 https://doi.org/10.1109/78.655419