Abstract
The bacteriological and physiochemical analysis of seawater in Tongyeong harbor was conducted to evaluate sanitary conditions, The samples were collected at 6 stations established once a month from January to December, 2000. During the study period, the ranges of temperature, transparency, chemical oxygen demand, dissolved oxygen, dissolved nitrogen, phosphate and chlorophyll-a were $6.8\sim25.2^{\circ}C,\;1.0\sim2.5\;m,\;1.79\sim2.41\;mg/L,\;5.7\sim10.1\;mg/L,\;6.59\sim10.53{\mu}g-at/L,\;0.56\sim1.01{\mu}g-at/L\;and\;1.21\sim9.54\;mg/m^3$, respectively, The viable cell counts of seawater in Tongyeong harbor ranged from $3.0\times10^4CFU/mL\;to\;6.9\times10^6CFU/mL$. The coliform group and fecal coliform MPN's of the samples were ranged $23\~4,600\;MPN/100\;mL$ (means 540 MPN/100 mL) and $11\~1,600\;MPN/100\;mL$ (means 210 MPN/100 mL), respectively, The coliform group was classified with IMViC reactions and pathogenic vibrios were analyzed. Two hundred eighteen strains that were obtained from seawater samples in Tongyeong harbor represented Escherichia coli group, $66.1\%$; Citrobacter freundii group, $11.0\%$; Enterobacter aerogenes, $9.6\%$; and unknown, $13.3\%$, respectively. During the study period, infectious bacteria such as Vibrio cholerae O1, Salmonella sp. and Shigella sp. were not detected from the samples, but detection ratios of V. parahaemolyticus, V cholerae non-O1 and V. vulnificus were $10.0\sim30.1\%$.
통영항 내의 해수 및 저질의 물리 화학적 해양환경 특성과 해수의 위생지표세균을 비롯한 병원성 세균의 시험결과가 횟집의 수족관의 세균학적 수질에 적합한지에 대하여 검토하였다. 조사기간중 통영 항 해수는 수온 $6.8\sim25.2^{\circ}C$, 투명도 $1.0\sim2.5\;m$, 화학적산소요구량 $1.79\~2.41\;mg/L$, 용존산소 $5.7\~10.1\;mg/L$, 용존질소 $6.59\sim10.53{\mu}g-at/L$, 인산염 $0.56\sim1.01{\mu}g-at/L$, chlorophyll-a는 $1.21\sim9.54 mg/m^3$ 범위였으며 염분농도는 $30.11\sim31.41\%$였다. 통영항 해수의 생균수는 조사기간 중 mL당 log수가 $4.2\~6.8$($3.0\times10^4CFU/mL \sim6.9\times10^6CFU/mL$) 범위에 평균 5.3이었다. 월별로는 $1\~3$월이 적었고, $7\~9$월이 많았다. 통영항 내 조사해수의 $84.3\%$와 $93.1\%$가 패류수출해역 수질기준 중 total coliform group과 fecal coliform group의 기준치를 각각 초과하였다. 대장균군형은 Escherichia coli group이 $66.1\%$를 차지하였고, 그중 Type I 이 $56.5\%$, Citrobacter freundii group이 $11.0\%$, Enterobacter aerogenes group이 $9.69\%$, 기타 29균주로 $13.3\%$에 해당하였다. 그런데 전형적인 온혈동물의 장관유래균인 E. coli type I 이 전체의 $56.5\%$를 차지하였다. 통영항내 해수에서 Salmonella sp.나 Shigella sp. 및 Vibrio cholerae O1은 검출되지 않았으나 V. parahaemolyticus, V. vulnificus 및 V. cholerae non-O1 등의 검출율은 $10.4\sim35.4\%$에 달하였다.