A study on the location of Donghwa temple from feng-shui perspective

팔공산(八公山) 동화사(桐華寺)의 풍수(風水) 및 가람배치( 伽藍配置)의 특징(特徵)

The purpose of this study is to examine the characteristics of the location and the layout of Donghwa temple(桐華寺) in Kyungbuk Province from feng-shui perspective. Feng-shui is a traditional geographic thought in China and Korea. It is necessary to understand feng-shui in order to understand Korean landscape and cultural geography. Feng-shui had had a tremendous impact on Korean landscape through selective buildings of cities, settlements, houses, monuments, temples, pagodas, and so on. In this study, I interpret the geomantic characteristics of Dinghwa temple in Kyungbuk Province. The results of this study are as follow. 1) Donghwa temple is carrying the mountain on the back and belting the water in front. The mountains which encircle the auspicious place are accordance with the feng-shui theory. The watercourse which flows the temple is suitable. The feng-shui spot is located at the foot of the mountain with surrounding mountains and a watercourse in front. 2) Many feng-shui texts discuss the types of surrounding mountain in detail and morphologically describe them with certain auspicious objects. In case of Donghwa temple, it can be compared to a phoenix carrying eggs in the bosom. This is a morphological marker for the description of configulation features of Donghwa temple. In the case of Donghwa temple, we can observe geomantic landscape for the purpose of fulfilling the geomantic harmony of the temple. Also the impact of feng-shui on vegetation is identified in Donghwa temple. 3) For the management of good feng-shui condition, and for the maintaining the harmony between the building layout and surrounding landform, some proposals are suggested.

본 연구는 팔공산의 지형적인 특성을 반영하는 동화사(桐華寺)의 입지와 가람배치의 풍수지리적 특성을 밝히는 것이다. 동화사의 풍수지리적인 특성에 대한 해석과 연구는 향후 동화사의 토지이용이나 건물의 증 개축, 진입로의 개설, 가람의 변경 유지 등에 참고할 수 있는 기초적 자료를 제공할 것으로 생각된다. 동화사는 산과 물이 에워싸인 지세로 풍수지리적인 조건을 잘 갖추고 있는 곳으로 종교적 장소성을 확보하기에 용이한 조건을 갖추었다. 봉황과 관련된 안온한 지세와 어울리게 가람이 배치되었으며, 봉황을 상징하는 시설물들이 누각과 문, 비에 남아있고, 대나무와 오동나무가 많이 식재(植栽)되어 있다. 동화사의 중심공간이 잘 부각되고, 사찰의 경역(境域)을 청정하게 유지하기 위해 주 진입로의 복원, 주차장의 폐쇄, 새로운 진입로의 개설 등과 같은 방안을 제안하였다.