Effect of Sludge Digestion on Removal Efficiency of Heavy Metals from Sewage Sludge Using Thiobacillus thiooxidans MET

Thiobacillus thiooxidans MET를 이용한 중금속 제거 효율에 미치는 슬러지 성상의 영향

  • 임설희 (이화여자대학교 국가지정 지하환경 연구실) ;
  • 이소은 (이화여자대학교 생물과학과) ;
  • 이인숙 (이화여자대학교 생물과학과) ;
  • 조경숙 (이화여자대학교 국가지정 지하환경 연구실) ;
  • 류희욱 (숭실대학교 환경·과학공학과)
  • Published : 2001.08.01

Abstract

The effect of sludge digestion on the leaching efficiency of heavy metals from sludge by bioleaching with Thiobacillus thiooxidans MET was investigated. The used sludges were a non- and anaerobically digested. The leaching efficiency of heavy metals was strongly dependent on the pH of the sludge solution rather than the sludge condition and stolid concentration. The lower the pH the more heavy metal was leached from 3.0 of pH. The sequent orders of leaching heavy metals were Zn, Cu, and Cr. Although the buffering capacity of non-digested sludge was similar to anaerobically digested sludge, the pH decrease rate of the anaerobically digested sludge solution was faster than that of the non-digested sludge solution due to the higher sulfur oxidation rate of T. thiooxidans MET in the anaerobically digested sludge. The amount of leached heavy metals from the anaerobically digested sludge showed higher than that of non-digested sludge at the same pH value. This result might be caused by the difference of the insoluble metal types, which were contained in the sludge. An increase in sludge solids concentration decreased the leaching efficiency of heavy metals in the range of solids concentration 10 g/L to 70 g/L. The optimum ratio of S° to sludge stolid was 0.1 in both the sludge. The bioleaching process of heavy metals with T. thiooxidans MET showed the disinfecting effect over 90% as well as the reduction effect in sludge weight of 20%.

본 연구에서는 T. thiooxidans MET 균주를 이용하여 비소화 슬러지와 혐기성 소화슬러지로부터 중금속을 용출하여 제거하는데 영향을 미치는 슬러지 성상의 영향을 조사하였다. 슬러지 종류와 농도에 관계없이 슬러지로부터의 중금속 용출은 슬러지 용액의 pH에 의존하였다. 슬러지 용액의 pH가 3.0 이하일 때 효율적인 중금속 용출 효율을 얻을 수 있었으며, Zn > Cu > Cr의 순서로 용출이 진행되었다. 비소화 슬러지 및 혐기성 소화 슬러지간에 buffering capacity의 차이는 없었으나, 동일 고형물 농도에서 혐기성 소화 슬러지에서 T. thiooxidans MET의 황산화속도가 높기 때문에, 혐기성 소화 슬러지 용액의 pH 감소 속도가 비소화 슬러지보다 빨랐다. 그러나, pH 변화에 따른 슬러지 단위 질량당 중금속 용출량을 비교한 결과, 동일 pH 조건에서 혐기성 소화슬러지의 중금속 용출량은 비소화 슬러지에서의 중금속 용출량 보다 낮았다. 이는 혐기성 소화 슬러지와 비소화 슬러지에 함유되어 있는 불용성 금속화합물의 차이 때문으로 사료되었다. 슬러지 성상에 관계없이, 슬러지 고형물 농도가 증가할수록 (10~70 g/L) 중금속 용출 효율은 감소하였고, 최적 S$^{\circ}$/슬러지 고형물의 비율은 0.1이었다. 또한, T thiooxidans MET 균주를 이용한 슬러지로부터 중금속 용출 공정은 90% 이상의 살균 효과와 20% 정도의 슬러지 감량 효과가 있었다.

Keywords

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