우리나라 사과, 배, 포도 및 복숭아 주산지 토양의 화학적 특성

Chemical Properties of Korean Orchard Soils in Main Apple, Pear, Graph and Peach Producing Area

주요 과수재배지 토양에 대한 화학적 독성을 파악하기 위하여 사과 239, 배 369, 포도 168, 복숭아 101, 합계 877포장에서 주간 중간지점의 토양을 채취분석하여 토양화학적 특성에 따라 토양비옥도를 구분하였다. 주요 과수 주산단지 토양화학성분의 적정수준 비율은 3.0~65.2%로서 대부분의 과수원이 부적지였으며 토양층위별 화학성분은 하층으로 내려 갈수록 일정하게 감소되는 경향을 보여 시비관리가 동일한 지역에서는 표층토 20cm 깊이의 토양 화학성분 함량만 알면 층토의 성분함량을 추정할 수 있으며 또한 과종별 표토의 토양화학성분함량의 과부족율을 추정할 수 있었다.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical properties of orchard soils through which their soil fertilities were discriminated. Total 877 soil samples in major orchard area, i.e. from 239 apple, 369 pear, 168 grape, 101 peach orchards, were examed on the basis of temporary optimal range for each component. The levels of fertility were ranged from 3.0 to 65.2% compared to optimum fertility, suggesting that almost orchard soils contained inadequately soil components. The contents of chemical component have a tendency to decrease with soil depth gradually from surface to subsoil. This meaned that the contents of various components in subsoil could be estimated on the basis of analysis of surface soil, using the linearly fitted equations of the relationship between component in subsoil and in surface at least to which fertility were samely managed. Furthermore, even when only the content of components in 20cm depth surface soil was analyzed, it could be determined whether the amount of each component in the surface soil is surplus or deficient.