Studies on the Prevention of Greening in Crushed Garlic from Bulbs Stored in Low Temperature

마늘의 저온저장후 파쇄마늘 제조시 발생하는 녹변방지 연구

It was attempted to find a method to prevent greening of crushed garlic. The storage conditions and heat treatments before crushing were tested for the prevention of greening in crushed garlic. 'Namhae' garlic (sub-tropical type), 'Seosan' and 'Danyang' garlic (traditional) type for cool area) were stored in room temperature(20${\pm}5^{\circ}C$, low temperature(0$^{\circ}C$), and CA(O$_2\;3%,\;CO_2$ 5%) storage for five months, and their samples were crushed. The crushed garlic had no significant differences in greening according to the cultivars. Greening did not occur for the crushed garlic from bulbs stored either in room temperature or CA storage. Greening was the unique symptom observed in crushed garlic from bulbs stored in low temperature. For the prevention of greening, heat treatment was conducted at 40, 35 and 30$^{\circ}C$ prior to make the crushed garlic from bulbs which were stored in low temperature. The effective duration of heat treatment before crushing was 7 days at 30$^{\circ}C$, 3 days at 35$^{\circ}C$, and 1 days at 40$^{\circ}C$ Greening was most effectively prevented in 1 day at 40$^{\circ}C$ treatment. During the heat treatments, changes in enzymatic pyruvic acid content and sprouting rate were slightly observed in garlic bulbs treated at 40$^{\circ}C$ for 1 day.

파쇄마늘의 녹변발생은 품종(산지)간 차이는 적었으나 파쇄전 원료마늘의 저장방법에 크게 영향을 받았다. 즉 상온 및 CA저장했던 마늘은 녹변이 없었으나 저온저장했던 마늘에서만 그 발생이 심하였다. 그리고 녹변 방지방법으로 저온저장한 마늘을 파쇄전 40$^{\circ}C$에서 1일간 열처리할 경우 녹변을 효과적으로 방지할 수 있었으며, 품종별 열처리 효과검정 결과 남해, 서산 및 단양마늘 모두 녹변이 방지되었다. 열처리에 따른 마늘의 품질변화는 40$^{\circ}C$에서 1일간 처리에서 중량감소 및 맹아율 변화가 적었고, 유효성분의 평가지표로 이용되는 enzymatic pyruvic acid함량 변화도 적었다.