선충 포식성 곰팡이를 이용한 뿌리썩이선충(Pratylenchus spp.)의 생물학적 방제

Biological Control of Root-Lesion Nematodes(Pratylenchus spp.) by Nematode-Trapping Fungi

  • 손흥대 (동아대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 김성렬 (동아대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 최광호 (동아대학교 생명자원과학부) ;
  • 추호렬 (경상대학교 농과대학)
  • 발행 : 2000.08.01

초록

잎들깨 재배지에서 직$\cdot$간접적으로 피해를 입히는 뿌리썩이선충(Pratylenchus spp.)의 생물학적 방제를 위해서 3종의 선충포식성 곰팡이, Arthrobotrys oligospora, A. conoides와 A. dactyloides의 선충방제 효과를 포장시험을 통하여 검정하였다. 3종의 Arthrobotrys는 1998년 잎들깨 재배지 토양에서 분리하였으며, 이들 곰팡이들은 한천배지상에서 끈끈이그물 또는 수축성 올가미와 같은 특이한 균사구조를 형성하여 뿌리썩이선층을 포획하는 것으로 관찰하였다. 야외포장 실험결과, 대조구에서는 40일 경과 후 식물기생성 선충 및 뿌리썩이선충의 밀도가 약 3.5배 증가한 반면 선충포식성 곰팡이 A. oligospora와 A. conoides 처리구에서는 단지 선충의 밀도가 큰 증감없이 접종 전의 수준을 유지하는 효과를 보였다. 그러나 A. dactyloides 처리구에서는 식물기생성 선충의 밀도를 약 65%, 뿌리썩이 선충의 밀도를 약 53% 감소시켜, 선충포식성 곰팡이의 생물학적 방제효과가 높게 나타났다.

For the biological control of the root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp., which damage directly and indirectly to the leaf perilla, the nematical effect of three nematode-trapping fungi, Arthrobotrys oligospora, A. conoides and A. dactyloides was evaluated in the field. Three species of Arthrobotrys were isolated from the culture soil of leaf perilla in 1998 and were observed the capture of the root-lesion nematodes, Pratylenchus spp. by adhesive hyphal networks or constricting rings on agar. At 40 days after treatment, the plant-parasitic nematodes and root-lesion nematode populations were approximately increased 3.5 fold in untreated control plot, while the nematode population in fungi treatment plots was similar to initial population. In the A. dactyloides plot, however, the population of plant-parasitic nematodes and Pratylenchus spp. was approximately reduced 65% and 53%, respectively. Thus, the fungus A. dachyloides should provide as biological agent for the control of Pratylenchus spp.

키워드

참고문헌

  1. Plant Nematology Laboratory Manual Soil sampling methods and procedures for field diagnosis Barker, K. R.;T. L. Niblack;Zuckerman, B. M.(ed.);W. F. Mai(ed.);L. R. Krusberg(ed.)
  2. The nematode-trapping fungi. Barron, G. L.
  3. Kyungbuk Natl. Univ. v.2 Effects of Fumigants for the Control of Pratylenchus vulnus on strawberry. Choi,Y. E.;D. G. Kim
  4. In Introduction to Plant Nematology Biological control. Dropkin, V. H.
  5. Plant Nematology Laboratory Manual Staining nematodes in plant tissue Hussey, R. S.;Zuckerman, B. M.(ed.);W. F. Mai(ed.);L. R. Krusberg(ed.)
  6. Fungal Biotechnology Biological control: nematodes Jansson, H. B.;A. Tunlid;B. Nordbring-Hertz;Anke T.(ed.)
  7. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. v.37 Isolation of namatophagus fungi against root-knot nematode and their growth in vitro. Jeong, M. J.;H. K. Kim
  8. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. v.32 Evaluation for biocontrol potentials of nematophagous fungi against root-knot nematode. Jeong, M. J.;S. S. Jang;H. K. Kim;C. S. Park;H. Y. Choo
  9. RDA. J. Crop protec. v.39 Description on five species of Arthrobotrys(Corda) Schenck, Kendrick & Pramer in Korea and their key. Kim, D. G.;J. K. Lee;Y. C. Choi;Y. K. Kim
  10. Korean. J. Appl. Entomol. v.27 Decrease of nematode population by introduction of nematophagous fungi into the soil as affected by inoculum concentration and temperature in vitro. Kim, H. K.;M. J. Jeong;H. J. Choo;C. S. Park
  11. Ann. Rev. Phytopathol. v.18 Biological control of nematode pests by natural enemies. Mankau, R.
  12. J. Nematol. v.5 Culture of the root-lesion nematode Pratylenchus vulnus on carrot disks. Moody, E. H.;B. F. Lownsbery;J. M. Ahmed
  13. Can. J. Bot. v.55 A new nematode-prapping hyphomycete and a reevaluation of Dactyaria and Arthrobotrys. Schenck, S.;W. B. Kendrick;D. Pramer
  14. Phytopathology v.69 Biological control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp.) on peach. Stirling, G. R.;M. V. Mckenry;R. Mankau
  15. Korean J. Mycol. v.22 Electron microscopic observations on the trapping nematode by Arthrobotrys conoides. Park, J. S.;Y. K. Park
  16. Korean J. Appl. Entomol. v.32 Field application of egg and larval parasitic fungi and chemicals for controlling root-knot nematodes on some medicinal herb. Park, S. D.;Y. D. Choo;K. C. Jung;Y. G. Sim;Y. E. Choi