Display-Pixel-Based Focusing Method for Ultrasound Imaging

의료 초음파 영상을 위한 화소단위 집속기법

  • Published : 2000.08.01

Abstract

In this paper, a new beamforming technique is proposed, which can completely eliminate all the artifacts caused by digital scan converter. In the proposed method, named display-pixel-based focusing(DPBF) by the authors, ultrasound waves are focused directly at the display pixels instead of sampling points on the polar coordinate. Consequently. the DPBF system does not require the digital scan converter. To verify the proposed method, we modified a commercial scanner and performed experiments with a 3.5 MHz convex array and a 7.5 MHz linear array. We also defined and measured ICRA/B(Image Coarseness Ratio) to compare the image quality quantitatively. The experimental results with in vivo and in vitro data show that the proposed method improves the ICRA/B considerably, resulting in much smoother and finer images.

본 논문에서는 디지털 스캔 컨버터(DSC, digital scan converter)에 의한 왜곡이 근본적으로 발생하지 않는 새로운 초음파 영상 방법으로서 표시장치의 화소에 직접 수신 집속하는 기법(DPBF, display-pixel-based focusing)과 이를 구현하기 위한 초음파 영상 장치의 구조를 제안한다. 제안한 기법은 극 좌표에 위치하는 샘플링 점들 대신에 직각좌표상의 화소들에 직접 수신 집속 함으로써 DSC의 역할을 제거하였다. DPBF 기법을 적용한 영상에는 DSC에 의한 허상 및 구획화 현상 등이 나타나지 않으며, 일반적인 방법에 의한 영상에 비해 보다 세밀한 영상을 제공한다는 사실을 검증할 수 있었다. 본 논문은 DSC에 의한 보간 효과가 두 개의 비교 영상 A, B 간에 미치는 정도를 정량적으로 평가하기 위해서 영상거침 비(ICRA/B, Image Coarseness Ratio)를 새로운 성능 측정 방법으로 정의하였다. 이 ICRA/B를 이용하여 비교 영상간 거친 정도를 정량적으로 측정하였다.

Keywords

References

  1. IEEE Trans. Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, ASSP-32 A comparision of efficient beam-forming algorithms Ronald A. Mucci
  2. Electronic Letters v.21 no.17 New continuous dynamic focusing technique in ultrasound imaging M.H. Lee;S.B. Park
  3. Ultrasonic Imaging v.12 A new digital phased array system for dynamic focusing and steering with reduced sampling rate T.K. Song;S.B. Park
  4. 1990 IEEE Ultrasonic Symposium Efficient parallel receive beam form-ing for phased array imaging using phase rotator M. O'Donnell
  5. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics. Ferroelectr. Freq. Control UFFC-40 Beam transformation techniques for ultrasound me-dical imaging A. Drukarev;K. Konstantinides;G. Seroussi
  6. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics. Ferroelectr., Freq. Control UFFC-44 2D and 3D high frame rate imaging with limited diffraction beams J. Lu
  7. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectr., Freq. Control UFFC-45 Synthetic aperture techniques with a virtual source element C.H. Frazier;W.D. O'Brien Jr
  8. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectr., Freq. Control UFFC-45 Realtime 3-D ultrasound imaging using sparse synthetic aperture beamforming G.R. Rockwood;J.R. Talman;S.S. Brunke
  9. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics Ferroelectr., Freq. Control UFFC-45 Subaperture processing for ultrasonic imaging M. Karaman;M. O'Donnell
  10. IEEE Trans. Ultrasonics, Ferroelectr., Freq. Control UFFC-45 Adaptive multi-element synthetic aperture imaging with mo-tion and phase aberration correction M. Karaman;H. Bilge;M. O'Donnell
  11. Electronic Letters v.24 no.22 Bidirectional pixel based focusing in conventional B-mode ultrasound imaging M.H. Bae;M.K. Jeong
  12. United States Patent, # 5,793,701 Method and apparatus for coherent image formation J. Nelson Wright (et al)
  13. Essentials of ultrasound phy-sics James A. Zagzebski
  14. Ultrasound physics and instrumentation D.L. Hykes;W.R. Hedrick;D.E. Starchman
  15. Proc. IEEE v.67 Ultrasound imaging using arrays A. Macovsky
  16. IEEE Trans. on Medical Imaging v.MI-5 no.2 Analysis of scan conversion algorithm for a real-time sector scanner M.H. Lee;J.H. Kim;S.B. Park
  17. Proc. IEEE v.67 no.4 Digital scan conversion in diagnostic ultrasound imaging J. Ophir;N. Maklad
  18. Ultrasonic Imaging v.4 Moire undersampling artifact in digital ultrasound images J. Ophir;J.M. Brinch
  19. Ultrasonic Imaging v.4 Interpolation scan conversion in pulse-echo ultrasound D.E. Robinson;P.C. Knight
  20. Principle of Aperture and Array System Design Bernard D. Steinberg
  21. IEEE Trans. Sonics Ultrason v.SU-25 no.1 Speckle in ultrasound B-mode scans C.B. Burckhardt
  22. Ultrasonic Imaging v.16 Improved detecta-bility with blocked element compensation Pai-Chi Li;M. O'Donnell