Korean Journal of Plant Tissue Culture (식물조직배양학회지)

The Korean Society of Plant Biotechnology (한국식물생명공학회)
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Characterization of in vitro Growth and Differentiation of an Albino Mutant of Nicotiana tobacum L.

Albino 담배 변이체의 기내 생장과 기내 분화의 특성

  • Published : 1999.07.01
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Abstract

The albino plants of tobacco (Nicotiana tobacum L. cv. BY-4) were isolated from seed populations that were induced by heavy-ion ($^{14}N$) beam irradiation to proembryo and the in vitro growth and differentiation have been characterized. The in vitro cultured albino plants showed significant reduction of chlorophyll content and possessed larger number of stomata on both upper and lower epidermis than that of wild-type plants. Stem growth of the mutants remained dwarfed, however, the internode recovered its normal length after GA$_3$ treatment (10.0mg/L) on the MS medium containing sucrose under continuous light. When explants of leaf blades of albino plants were cultured, multiple shoots formed directly on MS medium containing 1.0mg/L of BAP or kinetin and a large number of calli were induced on the MS medium containing 1.0mg/L NAA or 1.0 mg/L 2,4-D. The albino calli regenerated multiple albino plantlets in the MS medium containing 0.1mg/L NAA + 1.0 mg/L BAP. No significant differences between the wild-type and albino plants were detected in the multiple shoot induction, callus formation from the explants and the plantlets regeneration from calli. In addition, albino plants have a similar organogenesis Pattern to that of the wild-type in the media with different combinations of NAA (0 to 5.0mg/L) and BAP (0 to 5.0mg/L) treatment. These results indicate that the albino mutant has the same normal regeneration ability as that of wild-type, although the mutant has lost functions in photosynthesis, such as pigmentation.

수분후 담배의 배에 중이온 beam ($^{14}$ N)을 조사하여 얻은 종자로부터 albino식물체를 분리하여 기내 생장과 분화의 특성을 검토하였다. 기내에서 생장시킨 albino식물체는 엽록소함량이 급격한 감소를 나타내었고 기공수는 잎의 이면 및 표면 표피에서 녹색 식물체 보다 많았다 연속광 조건하의 탄소원을 첨가한 MS배지에서 albino개체는 절간이 신장하지 않았으나 10.0mg/L 의 GA$_3$처리로 절간신장이 회복되었다. 잎절편 배양시 albino식물체는 1.0 mg/L 의 BAP와 kinetin의 단용처리로 다수의 신초를 형성하였고, 1.0mg/L의 2,4-D와 NAA의 단용처리로 다량의 캘러스를 형성하였다. 잎절편에서 유도된 albino 캘러스에 1.0mg/L BAP+0.1mg/L NAA를 혼용처리하면 다수의 식물체가 재분화 되었다. 이와같이 albino 식물체는 다경줄기 형성, 캘러스 형성, 캘러스로부터 재분화율 등이 녹색 식물체와 차이가 없었다. 또한 NAA와 BAP를 혼용처리 하였을 때 잎절편으로부터 기관분화의 유형도 정상주와 비슷하였다. 이러한 결과는 본 albino담배 변이체가 색소체 함량의 급감과 같은 광합성과 관련된 기능에서는 결손을 보이고 있음에도 불구하고 조직수준의 기관분화계에는 이상이 없다는 것을 시사한다.

Keywords

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