화학물질의 생분해성 측정을 위한 OECD 시험법의 평가

Evaluation of the OECD Biodegradability Tests for Chemicals

  • 김하강 (한국화학연구소 안전성연구센터 환경독성팀) ;
  • 김균 (한국화학연구소 안전성연구센터 환경독성팀) ;
  • 김용화 (한국화학연구소 안전성연구센터 환경독성팀) ;
  • 이영하 (충남대학교 미생물학과)
  • Kim, Ha-Kang (Department of Natural History, National Science Museum) ;
  • Kim, Kyun (Korean Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology) ;
  • Kim, Yong-Hwa (Department of Environmental Engineering, Chungnam National University) ;
  • Lee, Young-Ha (Department of Biology, Chungnam National University)
  • 발행 : 1999.06.01

초록

본 연구에서는 현재 국내에서 사용되고 있는 이분해성 미생물 분해성 시험방법의 문제점을 제시하고 이를 해결하거나 보완할 수 있는 방법을 제안하고자, OECD지침서에 등재된 6가지 이분해성 시험방법 중 시험물질의 선정에 제한이 없는 MITI(I), manometric respirometry, closed bottle test에 대하여 8개 화학물질을 대상으로 비교시험 하였다. 현재 국내에서는 MITI(I)법을 사용하고 있는데 이 방법은 접종미생물의 준비과정과 배양유지에 많은 시간과 비용을 요구하며, 배양과정을 통해 미생물의 종이 단순화되는 단점을 지니고 있다. 접종 미생물의 채취와 화학물질의 선택에 제한이 없는 새로운 방법으로는 manometric respirometry법을 들 수가 있는데, 시험방법의 용이성과 경제성, 재현성 등을 모두 고려할 때 가장 적합한 방법이라고 사료된다.

The efficiency of the OECD MITI(I) test which is designated as a standard method for measuring the biodegradability of chemicals by the Korean Ministry of Environment was evaluated and compared with those of two other OECD ready biodegradability tests: the manometric respirometry test and the closed bottle test. All the tests were applicable to a wide variety of organic chemicals and there were no significant differences in biodegradation rates of eight test chemicals and a reference chemical with three methods. However, the MITI(I) test had unnecessary expense and complexity in preparation of a mixed inoculum. Decrease in bacterial diversity during pre-conditioning of the inoculum for 1 month was observed and therefore the mixed inoculum did not ensure the presence of a variety of species in the test. Based on the simplicity, cost-effectiveness and reproducibility of the test procedure, it is considered that the manometric respirometry test is the most adequate method which can replace the MITI(I) test method.

키워드

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