Locational Patterns of Domestic Stores and Global Purchsing Offices of Multinational Retail Corporation: A Case Study of Daiei Superchain in Japan

다국적 소매기업의 국내 점포와 세계 사업소망의 입지전개: 日本 다이에 슈퍼체인을 사례로

This paper examines the relationship between the locational patterns of global and domestic stores. Objective corporation for this research is the Daiei Inc., which is multinational retail corporation of general merchandise store industry. Used data are For the Customers and 1997 Annual Report published by the Daiei Inc. in 1997, and Worldwide Branch Location of Multinational Companies published by the Gale Researchy Inc. As a result it is recognized that the headquarters of supermarket companies are not necessarily established in the largest city of the store networks. In addition, the chani o stores does not always correspond to the economic territory area of a city or a regional urban system. Usually, supermarkets are established first one after another around the headquarter, so that the store network becomes intensive. Moreover, supermarket companies exhibit a tendence of expanding after having increased density of their stores in their indigenous regions. It seems that supermarket companies try to lay the foundation of their operation firmly on their indigenous regions, while they expand the store network into neighboring regions in order to enlarge their profits. This phenomenon appears more and less partly in the location of oversea purchasing offices. First oversea office location appears in neighboring countries whose headquarter is located in Japan. Another oversea office location is established in higher order city of another continent. Usally after the number of oversea offices increases in their headquarter's neighboring region, the oversea office network exhibits a tendency of expanding in another continents. in addition, network of oversea offices does not always correspond with world urban system. The location of oversea offices is formed, after internalization of supermarket stores was established in Japan. And when increasing rates of supermarket stores was low in Japan, number of oversea offices increased.

다국적 소매기업인 일본의 다이에 슈퍼체인을 대상으로 일본내 점포망의 지역적 전개와 해외사업소의 입지전개와의 관련성을 파악한 결과 다음과 같은 점이 밝혀졌다. 다이에의 일본내 점포망의 입지전개는 기존의 경제권이나 지역적 도시 시스템과 관계없이 확대되어 도시계층에 대응한 점포지 입지전개라고는 말하기 어렵다. 이와 같은 현상은 해외사업소의 입지전개에서도 다소 나타난다. 그리고 해외사업소의 입지는 일본내 점포망의 전국화가 어느 정도 이루어진 후에 전개되었으며, 또 일본내 점포수의 증가율이 낮은 시기에 많이 이루어졌다.