Genetic variation of 7S and 11S globulins in soybean seed

콩 종실 단백질의 유전변이

  • Published : 1999.09.01

Abstract

7S and 11S globulins are two major storage proteins in soybean seed. For improving the quality of soybean seed protein, an increase of 11S/7S ratio would be a desirable objective because 11S globulin contains much more sulfur-containing amino acids than 7S globulin. In this study, six soybean varieties grown at three locations were used for genetic variation analysis of 7S and 11S globulins. It was possible to screen the soybean genotypes having aberrant subunit compositions of the two globulins by a sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS-PAGE). So, heritabilities, genotypic and phenotypic correlations among eight globulin fraction contents of soybean seeds were estimated. The mean value of 7S and 11S globulin fraction contents were 38.9% and 61.1%, respectively, and the ratio of 7S to 11S globulin ranged from 0.58 to 0.74. The high heritability value was found in $\beta$ subunits but the values of acidic and basic subunits were relatively low. Genotypic correlations were higher than the corresponding phenotypic correlations in most of globulin subunit contents. $\beta$ subunits was negatively correlated with $\alpha$ and $\alpha$' subunits among 7S fractions, while no significant correlation between $\alpha$ and $\alpha$' subunits could be found In case of 11S fractions, acidic and basic subunits exhibited no genotypic but negative phenotypic correlation.

콩 저장 단백질의 대부분은 globulin이며, 이중 7S와 11S가 70% 이상을 차지한다. 따라서 콩 단백질의 조성개량을 위해서는 11S/7S비율 조정이 우선되는데, 본 연구에서는 전기영동(SDS-PAGE)법을 사용하여 콩 단백질 7S와 11S를 분리 확인하고, 이들 분획 단백질의 유전변이를 분석하였다. 국내 3개지역에서 재배된 콩 장려품종 6계통들의 평균 7S 함량은 38.9% 이었고 11S는 61.2%의 함량을 나타내었다. 분산분석 결과 품종간에 는 유의성이 있었지만 지역간에는 변이가 없었으며, 품종 x 지역의 상호작용은 고도의 유의성을 나타내었다. 유전력은 7S분획중의 $\beta$함량이 72.7%로 높게 나타났다. 공분산을 이용한 상관계수 추정에서는 유전상관이 표현형 상관 보다 다소 높게 나타났다. 따라서 7S와 11S의 분획간 함량을 조정함으로써 콩 단백질의 조성을 개량할 수 있으리라 판단된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Nippon Shokuhin Kogyo Gakkaishi v.34 no.10 Determination of 7S and 11S globulins in ground whole soybeans by Near Infrared Reflectance Spectroscopic analysis Cho, R. K.;M. Iwamoto;K. Saio
  2. Japan. J. Breed v.33 no.1 Genetic analysis of the most acidic 11S globulin subunit and related characters in soybean seeds Harada, K.;Y. Toyokawa;K. Kitamura
  3. Agric. Boil. Chem. v.42 no.1 Interconversion between monomer and dimer of the 7S globulin of soybean seed Iibuchi, C.;K. Imahori
  4. J. Food. Science v.49 influence of soybean variety and the method of processing in tofumanufacturing;Comparison of methods for measuring soluble solids in soymilk Johnson, L. D.;L. A. Wilson
  5. Agr. Biol. Chem. v.40 no.9 Subunit structure of soybean 11S globulin Kitamura, K.;T. Takagi;K. Shibasaki
  6. Japan J. Breed v.31 no.4 Mutant strains with low level of subunits of 7S globulin in soybean seed Kitamura, K.;N. Kaizuma
  7. Theor. Appl. Genet. v.68 inheritance of alleles for Cgy1 and Cgy4 storage protein genes in soybean Kitamura, K.;C. S. Davies;N. C. Nielsen
  8. J. Am. Oil. Chem. Soc. v.62 The structure and complexity of the 11S polypeptides in soybeans Nielsen, N. C.
  9. J. Agric. Food Chem. v.32 Cultivar differences in gelling characteristics of soybean glycinin Nakamura, T.;S. Utsumi;K. Kitamura;K. Harada;T. Mori
  10. Japan J. Breed v.39 Genetic improvement of seed storage proteins using three variant alleles of 7S globulin subunits in soybean Ogawa, T.;E. Tayama;K. Kitamura;N. Kaizuma
  11. J. Agric. Food Chem. v.24 no.6 Major proteins of soybean seeds. A straight-forward fractionation and their characterization Thanh, V. H.;K. Shibasaki
  12. Japan J. Breed v.36 Genetic analysis of subunits of two major storage proteins(?-conglycinin and glycinin) in soybean seeds Tsukada, Y.;K. Kitamura;K. Harada;N. Kaizuma