Open Heart Surgery after Pulmonary Artery Banding in Children

소아에서 폐동맥밴딩술후의 개심술 치료

  • 김근직 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 천종록 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이응배 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 전상훈 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 장봉현 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 이종태 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실) ;
  • 김규태 (경북대학교 의과대학 흉부외과학교실)
  • Published : 1999.09.01

Abstract

Background: Pulmonary artery banding(PAB) accompanies some risks in the aspect of band complications and mortality in the second-stage operation. To assess these risks of the second-stage operation after PAB, we reviewed the surgical results of the second-stage operation in the pediatric patients who had undergone PAB in infancy. Material and Method: From May 1988 to June 1997, a total of 29 patients with preliminary PAB underwent open heart surgery. Ages ranged from 2 to 45 months(mean 20.6$\pm$9.0 months). Preoperative congestive heart failure conditions were improved after PAB(elective operation group) in 27 patients, but early second-stage procedures were required in the remaining 2 patients due to sustaining congestive heart failure(early operation group). Preoperative surgical indications included 2 double outlet right ventricles(DORV group) and 27 ventricular septal defects as the main cardiac anomaly(VSD group). Result: The mean time interval from PAB to the second-stage operation was 15.5$\pm$8.7 months(range 5 days to 45 months). One patient in the DORV group underwent intraventricular tunnel repair and modified Glenn procedure in the other. In the VSD group, the VSD was closed with a Dacron patch in all patients. Concomitant procedures included a right ventricular infundibulectomy in 4 patients and a valvectomy of the dysplastic pulmonary valve in 1 patient. At the second-stage operations, pulmonary angioplasty was required due to the stenotic banding sites in 18 patients. One patient underwent complete ligation of the main pulmonary artery with the modified Glenn procedure. The mortality at the second-stage operation was 17.2%(5 patients). Causes of death were 4 low cardiac output, and 1 autoimmune hemolytic anemia. Diagnosis with DORV and the early operative group were the risk factors for operative death in this series. There was 1 late death. Conclusion: This study revealed the second-stage operation for pulmonary artery debanding and closure of VSD in children was complicated by the correction of the acquired lesions with a significantly high incidence of morbidity and early postoperative deaths. Primary repair is recommended for isolated VSD, if possible.

배경 및 목적: 폐동맥밴딩술(pulmonary artery banding)은 폐동맥밴딩에 따른 합병증과 2차 수술시의 사망률에 있어서 상당한 위험부담을 갖고 있다. 이에 본 연구에서는 폐동맥밴딩술후에 시행되는 2차 수술의 위험부담을 알아보기 위해서 이전에 폐동맥밴딩술을 받았던 소아에게 시행된 2차 완전교정술의 성적을 조사하였다. 방법: 이전에 폐동맥밴딩술을 받았던 환아들중 1988년 5월부터 1997년 6월사이에 개심술에 의한 2차 완전교정술을 받았던 29례의 소아를 대상으로 하였다. 연령은 생후 2개월에서 45개월까지 였다(평균 20.6$\pm$9.0개월). 이들중 27례는 기왕의 폐동맥밴딩술후에 심부전 증상이 호전되었던 예들이었고(정기 수술군), 2례는 그렇지 못하여 조기에 2차 수술을 시행해야 했었다(조기 수술군). 술전 진단명은 양대혈관우심실기시가 2례(양대혈관우심실기시군), 심실중격결손이 주병변이었던 경우가 27례(심실중격결손군)였었다. 결과: 폐동맥밴딩술후 2차 완전교정술 시행까지의 기간은 5일부터 45개월까지로 평균 15.5$\pm$8.7개월이었다. 수술방법은 양대혈관우심실기시 2례중 1례에서는 심실내 턴넬교정법이, 1례에서는 수정 Glenn수술이 시술되었고, 심실중격결손군에서는 전례에서 심실중격결손의 첨포봉합을 함과 아울러 누두부근육절제술 4례 및 형성부전성 폐동맥판막의 판막절제술 1례가 추가시행되었다. 2차 완전교정술시에, 18례에서는 폐동맥밴딩으로 인해 초래된 협착을 해소하기 위해서 폐동맥패취성형술을 시행하였고, 1례에서는 수정 Glenn수술을 위해 주폐동맥을 근위부에서 완전결찰하였다. 2차 완전교정술에 따른 병원사망률은 17.2%(5례)였는데, 사망원인으로는 저심박출 4례 및 자가면역 출혈성 빈혈 1례가 있었다. 본 연구에 있어서, 양대혈관우심실기시군(2례)과 조기 2차 수술군(2례)은 높은 병원사망률을 나타내는 위험인자로 작용하였다. 그리고 만기사망 1례가 있었다. 결론: 본 연구에서 이전에 폐동맥밴딩술을 받았던 소아에게 2차 완전교정술을 시행했던 결과는 폐동맥밴딩에 따른 후천적 병변을 함께 교정해야 하는 어려움에 기인하여 술후 이병률과 조기 수술사망률이 상당히 높게 나타났다. 따라서 가능하면, 단순 심실중격결손에 있어서는 1차 완전교정술이 요망된다.

Keywords

References

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