팽이버섯으로부터 Lectin의 정제와 특성

Purification and Characterization of the Lectins from Mushroom Flammulina velutipes

식용버섯인 팽이버섯(Flammulina velutipes)으로부터 적혈구 응집능력을 갖는 렉틴(flammulina velutipes lectin, FVL) FVL-1과 FVL-2을 정제하였다. FVL-1과 FVL-2의 분자량은 각각 10.6 kDa과 37 kDa으로 추정되었다. FVL-2는 사람적혈구의 경우 모든 혈액형에서 응집현상을 나타내었으나, FVL-1은 O형의 적혈구에 대하여 높은 상대활성도를 나타내었다. 렉틴의 hemagglutination inhibition test 결과 FVL-1과 FVL-2는 fetuin, bovine submaxillary mucin, asialofetuin, porcine stomach mucin에 의해 적혈구 응집력이 저해되었다. FVL-1은 1.56 mM $Cu^{2+}$에서 적혈구 응집력이 저해되었으며, $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Fe^{2+}$ 등에서도 저해되었다. 반면 FVL-2는 금속 이온에 대한 저해가 나타나지 않았다. pH 안정성에 있어서 FVL-1은 pH $5{\sim}11$에서 안정하였으며, FVL-2는 pH 4까지의 범위에서 안정하였다. 온도 안정성에 있어서는 FVL-1과 FVL-2 각각 $55^{\circ}C$, $45^{\circ}C$까지 안정하였다. FVL-1은 단백질이었으며 FVL-2는 당 단백질이었다.

Two Lectins, designated FVL-1 and FVL-2, were isolated and purified from the fruiting bodies of edible mushroom Flammulina veluripes using ammonium sulfate fractionation, ethanol treatment, DEAE-TOYPEARL ion-exchange column chromatography, and TSK-Gel HW-55F column chromatography. Specific activity increased 18 folds for FVL-1 and 7.9 folds for FVL-2 from ethanol treated sample. SDS-PAGE of FVL-1 and FVL-2 gave apparent molecular mass of 10.6 kDa and 37 kDa, respectively. FVL-2 agglutinated all type of human erythrocytes (A, B, AB, and O). However, FVL-1 agglutinated more human erythrocyte type O than type A, B, and AB. The hemagglutination activities of the FVL-1 were effectively inhibited by bovine submaxillary and porcine stomach mucins(BSM and PSM), fetuin, asialofetuin and cations, such as $Cu^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Fe^{2+}$. However, FVL-2 was not inhibited by any cations. The hemagglutination activities of the two lectins were not inhibited by the sugar, such as lactose, galactose and sugar derivatives. FVL-1 and FVL-2 were stable at pH $5{\sim}11$ and pH $4{\sim}7$, respectively. FVL-1 was stable below $55^{\circ}C$ and FVL-2 was below $45^{\circ}C$.