Journal of Korean Society for Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics (임상약리학회지)
- Volume 7 Issue 1_2
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- Pages.17-28
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- 1999
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- 1225-5467(pISSN)
Pharmacokinetic/Pharmacodynamic Analysis of Bumetanide in Patients with Nephrotic Syndrome
신 증후군 환자에서 Loop Diuretics(Bumetanide)의 내성 기전 규명을 위한 약동학/약력학 동시 모델 연구
- Kim, Kyung-Soo (Renal Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Pundang CHA Hospital, College of Medicine, Pochon CHA University) ;
- Yim, Dong-Seok (Department of Pharmacology, Gachon Medical School) ;
- Lee, Kyung-Hoon (Department of Pharmacology, Inha University College of Medicine) ;
- Jang, In-Jin (Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Yu, Kyung-Sang (Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Bae, Kyun-Seop (Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Han, Jin-Suk (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Kim, Suhng-Gwon (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Lee, Jung-Sang (Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine) ;
- Shin, Sang-Goo (Department of Pharmacology, Seoul National University College of Medicine)
- 김경수 (포천중문 외과대학교 분당차 병원 신장내과) ;
- 임동석 (가천의과대학교 약리학교실) ;
- 이경훈 (인하대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
- 장인진 (서울대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
- 유경상 (서울대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
- 배균섭 (서울대학교 의과대학 약리학교실) ;
- 한진석 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
- 김성권 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
- 이정상 (서울대학교 의과대학 내과학교실) ;
- 신상구 (서울대학교 의과대학 약리학교실)
- Published : 1999.12.30
Abstract
Background : This study was performed to evaluate diuretic resistance of bumetanide in patients with nephrotic syndrome and elucidate the mechanism of the diuretic resistance using pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic modeling. Methods : Single oral doses of bumetanide 1 mg were administered to normal subjects and to 8 patients with nephrotic syndrome. After administration of bumetanide, serial blood and urine samples were collected while fluid balances were maintained throughout the sampling period. For pbarmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic analysis, plasma concentration of bumetanide, urinary excretion rates of total and free bumetanide, urine flow rates, and urinary excretion rates of electrolytes were determined. The pharmacodynamic characteristics were analysed with Hill's, Emax or linear models. Results : There were no differences in pharmacokinetic parameters between normal subjects and patients with nephrotic syndrome. The mean values of urine volume, sodium and chloride amount excreted in 24-hour urine after administration of bumetanide were significantly lower in patients with nephrotic syndrome compared to those in normal subjects. The clockwise hysteresis patterns were evident in pharmacodynamic plots for urine flow rate, urinary excretion rate of sodium & chloride versus urinary excretion rate of free bumetanide, which implied the development of acute tolerance to bumetanide in both of normal subjects and patients with nephrotic syndrome. The ratios of urine volume, sodium or chloride to free bumetanide excretion amount in 24 hour urine after administration of bumetanide in patients with nephrotic syndrome were significantly less than those of normal subjects. The urine flow rate, excretory rate of sodium & chloride to the urinary excretory rate of free bumetanide were best fitted to the linear model in patients with nephrotic syndrome, but to the Emax or linear model in normal subjects. Conclusion : The results suggest that the diuretic resistance of bumetanide in patients with nephrotic syndrome seems to be due to the changes of receptor characteristics in the ascending limb of loop of Henle, as well as the protein binding of bumetanide in the renal tubule.
연구배경: 본 연구는 신 증후군 환자에서 환상이뇨제(loop diuretics) bumetanide에 대한 이뇨 저항현상이 나타나는지의 여부를 검토하고, 신 증후군 환자에서의 환상이뇨제에 대한 이뇨 저항증의 기전을 밝히기 위하여 약동학/약력학 모델링을 시행하였다. 방 법: 8명의 정상인과 8명의 신 증후군 환자에서 bumetanide 1mg을 1회 경구투여한 후 체액 평형을 유지하면서 혈장 bumetanide의 약동학적 분석 및 bumetanide의 단위 시간당 요중 배설량, 단위 시간당 요량 및 전해질 배설량 측정을 시작하였다. 또한 신 증후군 환자에서의 이뇨 저항증 여부를 검토하기 위해 단위 시간당 유리 bumetanide의 요중 배설량과 요량, 전해질 배설량 등을 약력학적 모델(Hill's model, Emax model, linear model)로 검토하여 그 기전을 추정하였다. 결 과: Bumetanide 경구투여시 약동학적 파라미터는 신 증후군 환자와 정상인 간에 차이를 보이지 않았다. Bumetanide 1회 경구투여 후 24시간동안 요중으로 배설된 bumetanide 총량은 정상인에서
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