Effect of Soaking in KNO₃ or K₃PO₄ Solution and Sowing Date of Bulbils on the Seed Bulbs Production of Garlic (Allium sativum L.)

마늘주아(珠芽)에 대한 KNO₃및 K₃PO₄ 처리(處理)와 파종시기(播種時期)가 종구(種球) 생산(生産)에 미치는 영향(影響)

This study was carried out to investigate seed bulbs production of 'Namdo' garlic (Allium sativum L.) by treating with 200 mM $K_3PO_4$ and 200 mM $KNO_3$ solution to bulbils. The growth characteristics of garlic plants derived from bulbils sown on 3 different dates were compared to those of plants derived from non-treated bulbils. Time required for 50% shoot emergence ($T_{50}$) was shortened as the sowing dates delayed. However, the final emergence rate was increased in the early sowing dates, and was high when treated with $K_3PO_4$ and sown on Oct. 10. The % clove differentiation of bulb was not significantly affected by sowing date and chemicals treatment of the bulbils. In all treatments, % clove differentiation was greater than 85%. The average bulb weight was increased with earlier sowing. Bulbils treated with $K_3PO_4$ and sown on Oct. 10 exhibited the best growth and yield. which was 27% higher compared to the non-treated bulbils.

'남도' 마늘의 주아를 이용한 종구 생산성을 검토하기 위하여 주아를 200mM $K_3PO_4$와 200mM $KNO_3$ 용액에 파종전 침지처리(7일간, $10^{\circ}C$)한 후 파종기를 9월 20일, 10월 10일 및 10월 30일로 달리하여 시험하였다. 출현속도는 파종기가 늦을수록 빨라졌는데 10월 10일 $K_3PO_4$ 처리에서 출현소요일수가 단축되었다. 식물체 생육 역시 $K_3PO_4$ 처리후 10월 10일 파종에서 우수하였다. 인편분화율은 모든 처리구에서 85% 이상이었고, 평균구종은 파종시기가 빠를수록 높았다. 수량은 $K_3PO_4$ 처리후 10월 10일 파종이 무처리에 비해 27% 중수되어 주아를 마늘 파종적기에 화학제를 처리함으로써 더 많은 종구를 획득할 수 있었다.