Abstract
In an effort to reduce artifically the residual pesticides on crop and soil by accelerated photolysis,some 40 among the naturally occurring and synthetic coumpound were screened for photosensitization and/or photocatalysis and six promising chemicals were selected.The fungicides and the four selected photosensitizers and/or photocatalyst (PS) were applied to each crop.The results obtained are summarized as follows. 1. The wavelengths of maximum absortion (${\lambda}$max) and the molar absorptivites (${\varepsilon}$max) of procymidone,vinclozolin,and carbendazim in acentone were all 209 nm and 853,854,and 8740 respectively. 2. Of the 40 naturally-occuring and synthetic compounds screened,six promising ones were selected and designated as PS-1 (aromatic ketone),PS-2(aromatic amine)PS-3(quinone) ,PS-4 (inorganic compound),PS-5(organic acid salt) and PS-6(semiconductor photocatalyst). 3. In the accelerated photolysis of pesticide in soil by applying PS ,procymidone was decoposed rapidly by virtue of PS-2,being 59% of the control 3 days after application. 4. The vinclozolin residue in soil was reduced to 71% and 21% of the control 1 and 15 days,respectively,after PS-2 application. 5. The photolysis of carbendazim in soil was not accelerated by any of the PS tested. 6. The pesticide residues on the crop were prominently reduced by PS application.The procymidone residue on tomato was reduced to 47% of the control 15 days after PS-1 application and that on red pepper reduced to 57% 15 days after PS-2 application. 7. Vincrozolin residus remaining on tomato 1 and 15 days after PS-2 application were 38% and 56% of the control whereas those on the red pepper were 82% and 64%,respectively. 8. PS-2 was the most effective for the accelerated photolysis of carbendazim residues remaining on tomato, whereas on red pepper, the four of PS tested were all effective, but did not make much difference between them. This might be due to the shielding of sunlight by the leaves of red pepper not to exert the photosensitizing effect of PS-2 to the full.
광분해 촉진에 의한 작물 및 토양중 잔류농약의 인위적인 경감을 위하여 자연계에 천연적으로 존재하거나 또는 합성화합물중에서 감광작용을 갖을 것으로 예상되는 40여종에 대하여 감광작용을 검정하여 6종의 화합물을 선정하고 고추와 토마토에 사용되는 살균제중 procymidone,vinclozolin 및 carbendazim을 관행법에 따라 상기 작물에 살포한 후 감광제를 처리하여 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다.1.Acetone에 용해되어 있는 procymidone,vinclozolin, carbendazim의 최대흡장 파장 (${\lambda}$max)은 모두 209nm 이었고,최대 molar absorptivity (${\varepsilon}$max)는 각각 853,853,8740이었다.2.40여종의 자연계에 천연적으로 존재하는 화합물과 합성 유기 및 무기화합물의 감광작용을 탐색하여 방향족 ketone계인 PS-1,방향족 amine계인 PS_2, quinone계인 PS-3,무기화합물인 PS-4,유기염산인 PS-5,광촉매제인 PS-6를 선발하였다.3.감광제 살포에 의한 토양중 농약의 광분해 촉진효과에서 procymidone의 경우에는 감광제 PS-2를 처리 한 후 3일에 대조구 잔류량의 59%로 감소하여 그 효과가 현저하였다.4.토양에서 vinclozolin의 경우에는 감광제 PS-2를 처리 한 후 1일 잔류랑이 된 양이 대구조의 71%로 그리고 15일 후에는 21%로 감소하였다.