Control Effects of an Antibiotic Produced by Streptomyces sp. B25 on Tobacco Mosaic Virus and Determination of Its Molecular Structure

The culture filtrate of Streptomyces sp. B25, which was identified in this experiment, was tested for the control of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) with the susceptible tobacco cultivar, NC 82, under the field conditions following the preliminary examination of its characters for TMV control. Control efficacy of the culture filtrate against TMV infection continued over 50% up to 6 days after treatment, and its systemic effect was about 30% of the direct effect. In field conditions control efficacy of the culture filtrate against TMV infection was 95.3 % at 2 weeks after TMV inoculation, and decreased to 58.3 % at 3 weeks after inoculation. Five fold-dilution of the culture filtrate showed about half of the control efficacy by the stock culture filtrate. Analysis of the antibiotic material responsible for the inhibition of TMV infection through nuclear magnetic resonance experiments revealed that the antibiotic is antimycin $A_1$, which is firstly reported as an anti-phytoviral antibiotic in this experiment.