Abstract
Anthers contanining uninucleate microspores of eight cultivars of pepper were cultured on MS medium supplemented with 0.004mg/L 2,4-D and 0.1mg/L kinetin, 3% sucrose and 0.2% Gelrite, kept at $35^{\circ}C$ for 24 h, and then cultured at $25^{\circ}C$ with a photoperiod of 16 h daylight for 40 days. Frequency of embryoid and callus formation was varied with cultivars. Embryoid formation was found in Cheongyang and Fushimi Amanaga, while callus formation was in California Wonder, Fushimi Amanaga and Geoseong. In anther culture medium supplemented with 1% activated charcoal, embryoid formation was found with 0.5% of frequency only in Cheongyang, while no callus formation was found. In 1/2MS medium, frequency of embryoid formation in Shishitou, Yatsufusa and Taka no Tsume was 1.2%, 0.4% and 0.4%, respectively. On the other hand, in 1/2 B5 medium, frequency of callus formation in Yatsufusa and Taka no Tsume was 2.8% and 2.7%, respectively. Embryoids transferred to hormone-free MS medium were developed to plantlets and acclimatized. The number of chromosomes in the root tip cells of the haploid plant was 2n=$\times$=12 in cv. Cheongyang.
고추(Capsicum annuum L.) 8품종을 공시하고, 1핵기의 화분을 포함한 약을 0.004㎎/L 2,4-D, 0.1㎎/L kinetin, 3% sucrose 그리고 0.2%Gelrite를 첨가한 MS배지에 치상하고, 35℃에서 24시간처리 후, 25℃ 16시간 조명에서 40일간 배양하였다. 캘러스와 배상체형성율은 품종에 따라 다양하였다. 배상체는 'Cheongyang'과 'Fushimi Amanaga'에서 형성되었고, 반면에 캘러스는 'California Wonder', 'Fushimi Amanaga' 그리고 'Geoseong'에서 형성되었다. 활성탄 l%를 첨가한 배지에서의 배상체는 'Cheongyang'만 0.5% 형성되었고, 반면에 캘러스는 형성되지 않았다. 1/2MS배지에서 배상체는 'Shishitou', 'Yatsufusa' 그리고 'Taka no Tsume'가 1.2%, 0.4% 그리고 0.4% 각각 형성되었지만, 1/2 B5배지의 캘러스는 'Yatsufusa' 그리고 'Taka no Tsume'가 2.8% 그리고 2.7% 각각 형성되었다. 배상체는 MS배지로 이식하여 생장하였다. 'Cheongyang'의 근단 염색체수는 2n=x=12의 반수체이었다.