Environmental Factors Related to Mass Moralities of Young Red Seabream (Pagrus major) in the Artificial Seed Production

일본산 참돔, Pagrus major 종묘생산과정중 사육수 변화로 인한 대량폐사

  • 최상덕 (국립수산진흥원 남해수산연구소 증식과) ;
  • 정관식 (여수대학교 양식학과) ;
  • 김호진 (전남수산시험연구소) ;
  • 김성수 (국립수산진흥원 남해수산연구소 증식과)
  • Published : 1998.05.01

Abstract

As seed production program is growing prosperously in various fishes in southern Korea, disease problems in larval and juvenile stages have emerged as a new research object. The following results were obtained from investigation about environmental factors related to mass mortalities of young Kinki red seabream, Pagrus major in process of artificial seedling production. Total length of red seabream larvae hatched was 2.93mm, and became 18.83~20.12mm at day 40. The first noticeable mortality of red seabream larvae (7.98~9.37mm) occurred in 25~30 day-old fish with the survival rates of 59.8~60.3%. Thereafter the mortality of larvae decreased, survival rate was 20.5~25.45% in day 40. After 20~30 days, the quality of pond water was bellow II class. During the experimental period COD, $PO_4$-P, $NO_2$-N, $NO_3$-N and $NH_$-N increased up to 3, 7, 34, 6 and 8 times, respectively, compared to initial ones. The number of viable bacteria in pond water and seabream larvae were $6.3{\times}10^6$~$2.3{\times}10^7$ cfu/ml, 4.3~$7.4{\times}10^6$ cfu/g in day 25, respectively. Among the isolated bacteria from the diseased red seabream in day 25, Vibrio spp. was considered to be the causative organism. External symptoms of this disease were floated, spined near the surface and inflated abdomen. When the isolated strain of the Vibrio was bathed to seabream larvae, $LD_50$ of seabream larvae was over $10^6$ cfu/ml of Vibrio spp.

남해안 일원에서 다양한 어류의 종묘생산 및 양식이 시도되고 있는데, 자어기에 종묘의대량폐사가 발생하여 문제의 심각성이 야기되고 있다. 본 연구에서는 일본 킨키대학에소 높은 경과를 올리고 있는 참돔의 서발육종 및 잡종강세에 의한 품종개량된 일명 킨키돔의 수정란을 국내에 이식하여 종묘생산시 대량폐사와 관련되는 수질변화 등을 조사하였다. 부화직후 자어의 평균전장은 2.93 mm이었으며, 일령 40일째에는 19.83~20.12 mm로 성장하였다. 종묘생산과정중 자어의 1차 감모현상은 일령 25~30일째(7.98~9.37 mm)에 발생하였으며, 생존율은 59.8~60.3%에서 32.1~32.5%로 감소하였다. 그 이후에는 거의 폐사 없었으며, 40일째의 생존율은 20.5~25.4%였다. 일령 2-~3-일째 수질은 II등급 이하였으며, 조사기간중 COD, $PO_4$-P, $NO_2$-N, $NO_3$-N 및 $NH_$-N은 각각 3, 7, 34, 6 및 8배씨 증가하였다. 사육수 및 자어의 총세균수는 시간이 경과함에 따라 증가하였으며, 일령 25일째의 총 세균수는 각각 $6.3{\times}10^6$~$2.3{\times}10^7$ cfu/ml, 4.3~$7.4{\times}10^6$ cfu/g였다. 한편, 일령 25일째 참돔 자어는 수면위를 선회하고 복북가 팽만되는 특징을 보이는 질병에 의하여 다수가 폐사되었으며, 병어에서 Vibrio spp.를 분리.동정하였다. 분리된 Vibrio spp. PSV-1균주는 참돔자어에 병원성이 있으며, 참돔자어의 $LD_50$dms $10^6$ cfu/ml 이상이었다. 이상이 결과로부터 참돔자어의 1차 대량폐사는 수질의 급격한 변화, 총세균수 증가 그리고 병원 생물의 복합적인 상호작용에 의한 것으로 추정된다.

Keywords

References

  1. Aquaculture v.2 The effect of algae on the water conditions in fish rearing tanks in relation to growth of juvenile sole, Solea solea L. Alderson, R.;B. R. Howell
  2. Aquaculture v.8 Preliminary tests on the optimal pellet-adaptation age for sea bass larvae (Pisces, Dicentrarchus labrax L. 1758) Barahona-Fernandes, M. H.;M. Girin
  3. Aquaculture v.16 Initial swim bladder inflation in the larvae of Tilapia mossambica (Peters) and Morone saxatilis (Walbaum) Doroshev, S. I.;J. W. Cornacchia
  4. Fish Pathol. v.13 no.2 Studies on factors related to mortality of young red seabream(Pagrus major) in the artificial seed production Iwata, K.;Y. Yanohara;O. Ishibashi
  5. Fish Pathol. v.14 no.1 Vibrio anguillarum isolated from cultured yellow-tail Jo, Y.;K. Ohnishi;K. Muroga
  6. Aquaculture v.58 Diet involvement in mass mortality of sea bass (Dicentrarchus labrax) larvae Katavic, I.
  7. J. Fish pathol. v.8 no.2 The biological and biochemical characteristics of a Vibrio sp., causative agent of intestinal necrosis of flounder larvae (Paralichthys olivaceus) Lee, J. B.;S. Rho;C. B. Song
  8. Biochemical tests for identification of medical bacteria MacFaddin
  9. Bull. Kagawa Pref. Fish. Exp. Stn. v.3 Studies on factors related to mass mortalities of black sea bream fry in the artificial seeding production- . Bacterial contamination of cultured rotifer Matsumoto, N.;M. Abe;K. Nosaka
  10. Bull. Kagawa Pref. Fish. Exp. Stn. v.3 Studies on factors related to mass mortalities of black sea bream fry in the artificial seeding production- . Infection experiments by feeding rotifer contaminated with bacteria and by using dead fry from disease Matsumoto, N.;M. Abe;K. Nosaka
  11. Nippon Suisan Gakkaishi v.53 no.11 Uptake of bacteria by rotifer Muroga, K.;H. Yasunobu
  12. Aquaculture v.12 Swim bladder inflation and survival of Mugil cephalus to 50 days Nash, C. E.;C. M. Kuo;W. D. Madden;C. L. Paulsen
  13. Fish Pathol. v.17 no.3 Studies on naturally occurring disease during the production of ayu (Plecogtossus altivelis) in sea water-Ⅱ . Dynamics of Vibrio anguillarum Tabata, K.;S. Karata;M. S. Ruiz
  14. Aquaculture v.49 Preliminary results on the nutritional evaluation of W-HUFA-enriched Artemia nauplii for larvae of the sea bass, Dicentrarchus labrax Van Ballear, E.;F. Amat;F. Hontorria;P. Leger;P. Sorgeloos
  15. Bull. Tokai Reg. Fish Res. Lab. v.81 no.Mar. Environmental factors or marine fish eggs and larvae, with respect to water temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen and hydrogen-ion concentration Yasunaga, Y.
  16. Bull. Nagasaki Pref. Inst. Fish v.7 The causative organisms of vibriosis in cultured young yellowtail, Seriola quinqueradiata Yasunaga, N.;S. Ogawa;K. Hatai
  17. 남수연사업보고 v.1995 참돔 종묘양산시험 양상근;강용진;황형규;박성용
  18. 수진사업보고 v.115 참돔 종묘 양산 시험 이종화;심두생;김종화
  19. 남수연사업보고 v.1994 참돔 종묘양산시험 변순규;김병학;황성일;문영봉
  20. 東京道水産試驗場業績 v.25 海産魚の潰瘍病に關する硏究 楠田理一
  21. 南西水年報 v.7 初期飢餓がマタイ仔魚の生殘り成長および發育に伋ぼる影響について 福原修
  22. 水産增殖 v.25 配合飼料を倂用した大形水槽によるマタイの種苗生産 福所邦彦;原修;山本博敬;巖本浩;北島刀
  23. 魚病硏究 v.8 no.1 Vibrio anguillarumの性狀に關する考察 室賀淸邦;江草周三
  24. 魚病硏究 v.24 ヒラメ仔魚の腸管白濁症病原細菌としてのVivrio sp.の分離 增村和彦;安信秀樹;岡田直子;室賀淸邦